虚拟语气完整.pptVIP

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式. 一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等； 二是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 Definition Subjunctive Mood(虚拟语气） 虚拟语气 Types 条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 现在 过去 未来 过去式(did/were) 过去完成时had done would/could/should/might +V. (原) would/could/should/might +have done 1.过去式 2. should+ V.(原) 3. were to do would/could/should/might +V. (原) 1. If 型 [例句] 1. If I were you, I would go at once. 假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你) 2.If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反) 3. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反) If型特例1：混杂条件句（错综时间虚拟语气） 定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同 If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 与过去相反 与现在相反 If型特例2：省略 if 的条件从句： 用法：从句中有 were, had 或 should 时， 省略if ，而把它们放在句首，构成倒装句。 3. If you had not helped me，I should have failed. 2. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. 1. If I were you, I would not do that. Were I you, I would not do that. Should he fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Had you not helped me, I should have failed. 三个建议 四个要求 insist order, command advise, suggest, propose demand, require, request, ask 2.Should +v（原）型 两个命令 一个坚持 1.在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，主语从句中。这种用法的词有： TIPS T. or F. You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. Your pale face suggests that you are ill. I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. I insisted that you were wrong. insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气 Insist 表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即 （should ）+ do; Insist 表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。 Suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。 Suggest 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。 F T F T 虚拟语气 用于表语、同位语、主语从句 在suggestion / proposal / order / / advice / request /demand 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中 要用 “should＋动词原形”　 should可以省略． 2. It is suggested/ordered /requested /proposed /demanded that从句… 从句中的 谓语 动 词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略 类似用法的词有： important ,necessary，eager,essensial,vital,strange，natural，desired， a pity, a shame,no wonder,.... Wish / As if (though) 3.类似 if 型 虚拟语气 Would rath