第3章 项目过程管理.pdf

Documents Chapter 3 Proj ect Management Processes Chapter 3 Proj ect Management Processes （第3 章 项目管理过程） （第3 章 项目管理过程） Project management is an integrative endeavor—an action, or failure to take action, is one area will usually affect other areas. The interactions may be straightforward1 and well-understood, or they may be subtle2 and uncertain. For example, a scope change almost always affect project cost, but it may or may not affect team morale3 or product quality. 项目管理是一个整体任务－一个领域的行动经常影响到其它领域。这种相互 作用可能是清晰明了和容易理解的，也可能是微妙和不确定的。例如，范围变更 一般会影响项目成本，但它可能会也可能不会影响队伍士气或产品质量。 These interactions often require trade-off among project objectives—performance in one area may be enhanced only by sacrificing performance in another. Successful project management requires actively managing these interactions. 这些交互过程经常需要在项目目标之间做出平衡－提高一个领域的执行效 能会以牺牲另外一个方面的效能为代价。成功的项目管理需要积极地管理这些交 互作用。 To help in understanding the integrative nature of project management, and to emphasize the importance of integration, this document describes project management in terms of its component processes and their interactions. This chapter provides an introduction to the concept of project management as a number of interlinked processes and thus provides an essential foundation for understanding the process description in Chapters 4 through 12. It includes the following major sections: 1 a.正直的，简单的 2 a.敏感的，微妙的 3 n.士气 -1- Documents 为帮助理解项目管理的整体自然特性，强调整体的重要性，本文按照组成过 程和