第三章培养基.pptVIP

培养基成分和作用总结 能量来源；?? 结构物质（碳、氢、氧、氮）； 生理活性物质；?? 离子平衡；?? 形态发生和建成。 Growth medium is optimised for regeneration of plantlets No sucrose (0%) Sucrose reduced to 1% Sucrose increased to 5% The explant is completely covered with green shoots, and roots are developing on the lower surface Very few shoots have developed on the explant. No roots and no callus. Shoots developed on edges of upper surface, and some root development has occured Shoots have developed over the surface of the explant, along with roots from the lower surface. The result is comparable with the control medium tissue culture in the African Violet No BAP? BAP reduced to 0.1 mg. l-1 No NAA Poor shoot development and no roots. Extensive callus generation Poor shoot development and no roots NAA reduced to 0.1 mg. l-1 More balanced development of roots and shoots. However, undifferentiated callus is developing at the edges of the explant Profuse development of roots and a reduced number of shoots. Undifferentiated callus is developing at the edges of the explant NAA increased to 5.0 mg. l-1 Profuse development of roots over the explant upper and lower surface, and few shoots. Some callus No MS salts No sign of regeneration from explant at all.? MS salts reduced to 0.47 g. l-1 ? Some root growth but reduced development of shoots MS salts increased to 9.52 g. l-1 ? Shoots developed on upper surface of explant. No roots or callus. 六、培养材料的支持物 其他 : 玻璃纤维、滤纸桥、海绵、脱脂棉、卡拉胶等 -----------总的要求是: 排出的有害物质对培养材料 没有影响或影响较小。 琼 脂（Agar）： 最常用； 琼脂糖（Agarose）：原生质体培养时用；?? Gelite、Phytagel： 新型凝固剂 七、抗生物质(antibiotic) 抗生物质有青霉素、链霉素、庆大霉素等，用量在5—20mg/L之间。 可防止菌类污染，减少培养中材料的损失，尤其是快速繁殖中。尤其对大量通气长期培养，效果更好。对于刚感染的组织材料，可向培养基中注入5%—10%的抗菌素。 抗生素各有其抑菌谱，要加以选择试用，也可两种抗生素混用。但抗生素对植物组织的生长也有抑制作用，可能某些植物适宜用青霉素，而另一些植物却不大适应。在停止抗生素使用后，往往污染率显著上升，这可能是原来受抑制的菌类又滋生起来造成。 活性炭(active carbon) 活性炭为木炭粉碎经加工形成的粉沫结构，它结构疏松，孔隙大，吸水力强，有很强的吸附作用，它的颗粒大小决定着吸附能力、粒度越小，吸附能力越大。温度低吸附力强，温度高吸附力减弱，甚至解吸附。通常使