高考专项训练虚拟语气分析及习题考试.pptVIP

Subjunctive Mood YiTian Middle School xxx 虚拟语气 虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如：①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。③May you succeed!祝您成功！虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。让我们就从最简单的开始吧。 简单句中的虚拟语气 一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。如： ⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office? 请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？ ⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。 二、表祝愿。 1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。 ⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运！ ⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐！ ⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！ ⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。 ⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。 ⑹、May you be happy. (注意那个be ) 祝你幸福。 2、用动词原形。例如： (1).Long live the people! 人民万岁！ (2).“God bless you,”said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！” (3).Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！ 三、表示强烈愿望。（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”） (1).God save me． (2).Heaven help us． 四、在一些习惯表达中。如： (1).You’d better set off now.你最好现在就出发。 (2).I’d rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。 第三部分：名词性从句中的虚拟语气 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 一）对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）：其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were,实义动词用过去式。例： 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question. 2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around. 3. I wish I were a bird. 4. When she was at the party, she wished she were at home. 5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese. 6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us. 二）、对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）： 用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例： 1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadnt wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了) 2. He wishes he hadnt lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 3. We wished he had spoken to us. (wished，had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲) 4. I wish you had called earlier. (wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了) 5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner. (will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此) 例题分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could