商务英语综合教程课件杜凤秋 ISBN9787810788113 PPT international tradechap.21 international trade.pptVIP

International Trade 1. Definition of international trade2. Benefits of international trade3. History of international trade Definition of International Trade International trade is the exchange of goods and services between nations. Benefits of International Trade International trade enables a nation to specialize in those goods it can produce most cheaply and efficiently. Trade also enables a country to consume more than it would be able to produce if it depended only on its own resources. Benefits of International Trade International trade leads to more efficient and increased world production. The establishment of international trade expands the number of in which a country can sell its goods. Benefits of International Trade The increased international demand for goods translates into greater production and more extensive use of raw materials and labor, which in turn leads to growth in domestic employment. Competition from international trade can also force domestic firms to become more efficient through modernization and innovation. History of International Trade This form of international trade, called mercantilism, was commonplace in the 16th and 17th centuries. As empires and colonies were established by European countries, trade became an arm of governmental policy. The wealth of a country was measured in terms of the goods it possessed, particularly gold and precious metals. The objective of an empire was much wealth as possible in return for as little expense as possible. History of International Trade International trade began to assume its present form with the establishment of nation-states in the 17th and 18th centuries. Heads of state discovered that by promoting foreign trade they could mutually increase the wealth, and thus the power, of their nations. During this period new theories of economics, in particular of international trade, also emerged. History of International Trade In 1776 the Scottish economist Adam Smith, in the Wealth of