应用化学专业英语 教学课件 ppt 作者 黄忠 谢普会 付颖 主编lesson 22 heat transfer.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * Lesson 22 Heat Transfer How is the heat transfer? Mechanism of Convection Applications . Mean fluid Velocity and Boundary and their effect on the rate of heat transfer. Fundamental equation of heat transfer Logarithmic-mean temperature difference. Heat transfer Coefficients. Heat flux and Nusselt correlation Simulation program for Heat Exchanger How is the heat transfer? Heat can transfer between the surface of a solid conductor and the surrounding medium whenever temperature gradient exists. Conduction Convection Natural convection Forced Convection Natural and forced Convection Natural convection occurs whenever heat flows between a solid and fluid, or between fluid layers. As a result of heat exchange Change in density of effective fluid layers taken place, which causes upward flow of heated fluid. If this motion is associated with heat transfer mechanism only, then it is called Natural Convection Forced Convection If this motion is associated by mechanical means such as pumps, gravity or fans, the movement of the fluid is enforced. And in this case, we then speak of Forced convection. Heat Exchangers A device whose primary purpose is the transfer of energy between two fluids is named a Heat Exchanger. Applications of Heat Exchangers Heat Exchangers prevent car engine overheating and increase efficiency Heat exchangers are used in Industry for heat transfer Heat exchangers are used in AC and furnaces The closed-type exchanger is the most popular one. One example of this type is the Double pipe exchanger. In this type, the hot and cold fluid streams do not come into direct contact with each other. They are separated by a tube wall or flat plate. Principle of Heat Exchanger First Law of Thermodynamic: “Energy is conserved.” 0 0 0 0 Control Volume Qh Cross Section Area HOT COLD Thermal Boundary Layer Q hot Q cold Th Ti,wall To,wall Tc Region I : Hot Liquid-Solid Convection NEWTON’S LAW OF CCOLING Region II