土木工程专业英语 教学课件 ppt 作者 陈瑛 7.4.Masonry Structural Design.pptVIP

7.4 Masonry Structural Design Walls Wall Distributions Masonry structures gain stability from the support. Lateral support may be in the vertical direction --floor/roof bearing on the wall horizontal direction--cross walls, piers or buttresses. Lateral supports can limit slenderness of a masonry element so as to prevent or reduce possibility of buckling of the member resist horizontal components of forces Walls--Wall Distributions A structure should have adequate stability in the direction of both the principal axes. cross wall construction may not have much lateral resistance in the longitudinal direction Walls are to be uniformly distributed along each principal axis of the plan minimum thickness of structural walls should be 240mm. Walls--Wall Distributions Cross walls acting as stiffening walls continuous from outer wall to outer wall or outer wall to a load bearing inner wall. The maximum spacing of cross wall in masonry structure with reinforced concrete floor and roof is 18m for seismic fortification intensity of 6 and 7 15m for seismic fortification intensity of 8 11m for seismic fortification intensity of 9 Walls --Height to Thickness Ratio of Walls Load carrying capacity of a masonry member depends upon its height to thickness ratio A masonry member may fail due to excessive stress - For materials of normal strength with height to thickness ratio less than 30 due to buckling--for members with higher value of height to thickness ratio through shear action -- very short member having height to thickness ratio of 4 by vertical tensile splitting – member with height to thickness ratio of ≥ 4 Walls --Height to Thickness Ratio of Walls The height to thickness ratio for a wall shall not exceed 26 when the grade of mortar is not less than M7.5. Limiting value of height to thickness ratio for column is less than that of walls because column can buckle around either of the two horizontal axes while walls can buckle around the weak horizontal a