毕业论文--危险化学品道路运输危险性 评 价 模 型 及 应 用 .docVIP

PAGE PAGE I 毕业论文（设计） 题目 危险化学品道路运输危险性 评 价 模 型 及 应 用 学 号 姓 名 系 队 专 业 指导教师 二○○八年六月 本科毕业论文（设计） PAGE IV 摘　要 近年来，随着我国经济的快速增长，化学工业的快速发展，危险化学品的需求加大，危险化学品道路运输不断增多。由此引发危险化学品运输事故的几率增大。由于危险化学品本身危险性大，一旦发生事故，易造成众多人员伤亡和财产损失，给社会和生态环境造成严重影响。为了有效地预防和控制危险化学品运输事故的发生，建立有效的应急救援体系及降低事故损失，对其危险性进行评价具有十分重要的意义。本文根据我国危险化学品道路运输现状，分析了危险化学品、道路、相关人员、车辆、运输环境等影响系统危险性的五个主要因素，建立了系统危险性评价指标体系，采用模糊综合评价方法对系统危险性进行评价，确定运输系统的危险等级，为相关部门对影响因素采取有效措施提供依据。利用改进的半球形扩散模型，对移动危险源危害后果进行预测，确定泄漏危害范围，为人员疏散提供理论参考，为消防部队指挥决策提供依据。以液氯运输过程为例进行危险性评价，计算结果表明：评价结果与实际相符，有一定实用价值。 关键词 危险化学品 ；道路运输；危险性评价；模糊综合评价法；危害后果  Abstract In recent years, along with our country economy high speed growth , the chemical industry developed rapidly, hazardous chemical materials are needed increased, road transportation of hazardous chemical materials growing. This triggered the transport of hazardous chemical materials increased risk of accidents. Because of hazardous chemical materials dangerous itself, once accidents happen, easy lead to many staff poisoning and death , have a serious impact on the society and ecological environment. As the professional rescue forces, fire rescue units do preparatory work, the danger of the system to accurately predict that once the incident, the fire rescue units to mobilize forces reasonable and effective rescue operations carried out plays a very heavy role. According to Chinas road transport of hazardous chemical materials Status. A system mode for transporting hazardous chemical materials was established based on Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process. Five factors on safety level of hazardous chemical materials transportation were discussed including hazardous chemical materials, drivers, vehicles, roads, and circumstances. Established a system risk factors evaluation index system. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of risk evaluation sy