钨矿区砷污染土壤酶活性研究-有色金属科学与工程.doc

作者简介：周丹，女，讲师，主要从事矿山重金属污染治理技术研究， E-mail：zhoudan1122 @163.com 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目，江西省自然基金项目（20132BAB213017） 钨矿区砷污染与土壤微生物及酶活性相关性研究 周丹，赵永红，王春晖，张静 （江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院，江西省矿冶污染控制重点实验室 江西 赣州 341000） 摘要：通过野外采样及室内分析，研究了赣南钨矿区的砷污染状况，土壤砷含量和形态对土壤微生物群落以及土壤酶活性的影响．结果表明:钨矿区土壤中砷全量及有效量均显著高于非矿区土壤，矿区土壤中砷以铁锰氧化物结合态为主，生物可给性强的可交换态砷占9.8 %~12 %，尾矿砂中砷以残渣态为主（39.7 %），交换态砷占16.6 %。矿区土壤砷总量、可利用态砷对矿区土壤微生物数量的影响也呈现负相关，微生物类群对矿区污染的敏感性大小表现为细菌＞放线菌＞真菌。矿区土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶活性均受到砷污染的抑制，通过相关性分析得出，脲酶活性可以较好的指示钨矿区土壤砷污染程度。钨矿区土壤中微生物区系组成数量及土壤酶活在一定程度上可反映该矿区污染生境的重金属污染特征及其生态功能的演变规律。 关键词：钨矿区; 砷污染; 土壤微生物; 土壤酶活性. 中图分类号：X703.5 文献标志码：A 文章编号： The correlation between Soil enzyme activity , microbial community with content and chemical forms of As in the tungsten mine area Zhou Dan, Zhao Yong-hong, Wang Chun-hui , Zhang Jing （ Faculty of resource and environmental engineering, Jiang Xi University of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Mining and Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, JiangXi, 341000.） Abstract：arsenic pollution, Microflora composition and soil enzyme activity were analyzed at Tungsten mine area in Ganzhou by sampling. In the mining area，the concentrations of soil As were significantly higher than those in the non-mining area, in which Fe-Mn oxides of As were 35%~40% and exchangeable As were 9.8%~12%. While, Residual form dominated in the trailing sand, and exchangeable As were 16.6%. The microflora composition decreased obviously at polluted mine soil, and the susceptive order of three soil micro-organism to As was bacteria actinomycetes fungi. Enzyme activity at mine soil was lower than that at non-mine soil, by correlation analyzing, urease activity shows significant negative relation with soil As that was more sensitive indicators of As pollution at mine area. Therefore, the microflora composition and activity of soil enzyme microorganism could reflected the characteristics of heavy metal pollution characteristics, and the evolvement law of ecosystem function in polluted mine area at