第三章 第三节 there be句型.pptVIP

第三章 句 型 第三节 there be句型 知识梳理 一、there be句型的概念 　　there be句型也被称作“存在句”，表示某处有某物，或某时有某事。be动词受人称、时态等影响。 　　如：There is an apple on the table. 　　There is some apple juice in the bottle. 　　There are many people in the street. 　　There was some milk in the fridge yesterday, but now there is little. 　　There were five toy buses in the living room. 　　There will be a football match this Sunday. 在小学阶段，there be句型的重点是be动词的is和are两种形式。 　　【注】there be句型中be动词用单数形式还是复数形式由最靠近be动词的名词来决定。 　　如：There is an apple and two oranges on the table. There are two oranges and an apple on the table. 二、there be句型的结构 　　1. 肯定形式 　　（1）There is+a/an+可数名词单数形式+地点. 　　 如：There is a map on the wall. 　　 There is an egg in the bowl. 　　（2）There is some+不可数名词+地点. 　　 如：There is some water in the bottle. 　　（3）There are+可数名词复数形式+地点. 　　 如：There are four people in my family. 　　（4）There is/are+名词+地点+时间. 　　 如：There is a kite show in the park on Sunday. 　　2. 否定形式 　　直接在be动词之后加not。 　　如：There is not(isn’t) a map on the wall. 　　 There are not（aren’t）any students on the playground. 　　3. 一般疑问句形式 　　将be动词前置，陈述句就变成了一般疑问句，句号改为问号。回答用“yes”或“no”。 　　如：—Is there a map on the wall? 　　 —Yes, there is. /No, there isn’t. 　　 —Are there any students on the playground? 　　 —Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t. 4. 特殊疑问句形式 there be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式： (1)What’s+地点？ 如：There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree? There are five boats on the lake. →What’s on the lake? 　　【注】“What’s+地点”的句型结构不受单复数的影响，且there 在问句中不出现。 (2)Who’s+地点？ 如：There is an old woman in the old house. →Who’s in the old house? (3)How many+名词的复数形式+are there+地点？ 如：There are 48 students in my class. →How many students are there in your class? There is only one rabbit on the grass. →How many rabbits are there on the grass?　　 【注】如果名词是可数名词，无论其数量是1还是大于1，一律都用“How many+可数名词的复数形式+are there…?”提问。 (4)How much+不可数名词