河南中考英语复习题型四阅读理解.pptVIP

河南题型四　阅读理解 说明文体裁 阅读理解中说明文(尤其是科技类说明文)，因生词多、 信息量大、难理解，是考生经常做错的题目。 主旨大意题 考生由于不会把握文章的主旨大意，所以经常在关于 概括文章主旨大意、作者写作意图类的题目中触雷。 一、选择型阅读理解“三步定位法” 第一步 看题干，定位题干关键词。 先看问题，找出题干中的关键词，猜测文章大意。 第二步 读文章，一次定位找原文。 带着关键词快速通读全文，画出与题干内容相关的词汇 和句子，并在脑海中形成篇章结构图。 第三步 回看题，连线解读定答案。 细读题干、选项，针对已画出的原文内容进行二次定位， 精准连线，锁定答案。 二、具体解题技巧 1．细节理解题 多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目，考查 对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范 畴，难度较小，但所占比例最大，一般占总分值的60%～ 85%。常见的设题方式有：用what, where, which, why, who, how等疑问词进行提问；用according to. . . 开头，后 接短文具体内容；用动宾结构、介宾结构或系表结构等方 式设题；以．. . because的提问方式设题等。 解答这类题要学会以下技巧： (1)如果所提问题是文章中现成的内容可直接搜寻； (2)细读文章的第一段或前几句，注意每段的开头句和结 尾句； (3)重视结尾段，作者一般会在结尾段作出总结，表达自 己的观点。 例 （2012·温州中考)I grew up in New Hampshire, a small town in South Canada, where in my fathers words for the seasons were “Spring, Summer, Fairtime and Winter！” At that time, a week-long fair(集市) was held in the town every autumn. Thousands of people from other towns came to sell and buy things. It was the busiest time of the year. ·Thousands of people came to the town to at the fair. A．enjoy Grandmas food B．sell and buy things C．learn to cook D．have a big party 【解析】 B 由本段第三句话可知，数千人来到小镇是 为了在集市上买卖东西，故选B。 2．推理判断题 一般来说主要有：对细节的推理判断；对某个问题或某一 部分的观点、态度的推理判断；对作者在整篇文章中的态 度、观点和写作意图的推理判断。常见的设题方式有： (1)The sentence/paragraph/passage infers that. . . ；(2)We can learn from the sentence/paragraph/passage that. . . ; (3)The sentence/paragraph/passage implies that. . . ； (4)By saying. . . , the author means. . . ; (5)What can we infer from the. . . ; (6)At the end of the passage the writer suggests. . . ；(7)From the second example we can infer that. . . ；(8)It can be concluded/inferred from the passage that. . . 例One day, a little boy decided to dig a hole behind his house after watching a science program. As he was working, a couple of boys stopped by to watch. “What are you doing？” asked one of the visitors. “I want to dig a deep hole all the way through the earth！” the boy answered excitedly. The older boys began to laugh, telling him