毕业设计---电网线损分析及降损措施的研究.docVIP

PAGE 石家庄铁道学院四方学院毕业设计 电网线损分析及降损措施的研究 Analysis of Power Networks’ Line Loss and Research for the Measures of Reduce Loss 2008 届 电气工程 系 专 业 电气工程及其自动化 学 号 学生姓名 郭 靖 指导教师 王金明 王庆芬 完成日期 2008年5月30日 摘 要 中科院一项调查显示，我国是全世界自然资源浪费最严重的国家之一，在59个接受调查的国家中排名第56位。另据统计，我国的能源使用效率仅为美国的26.9%，日本的11.5%，输电线损率比国际上先进的电力公司高很多。电网运行的经济性主要体现在线路电能损耗方面。目前我国电能在变电、输电、配电过程中电能损耗占供电量的9%，而农村电网由于设备陈旧、老化、耗能高等原因，平均线损、变损在20%以上，有的地方甚至高达60%。这大大增加了原本就达不到规模效益的农村用电的成本负担。文章根据大量查阅有关农村电网线损的资料，从线损产生、线损的管理、配电网理论线损的计算、低压线损等方面进行了分析，并有针对性地提出了采用无功功率补偿设备提高功率因数、对电网进行升压改造、提高计量准确性、 科学管理等降低线损的具体技术措施和管理措施。 关键词：农村电网 无功功率补偿 降低线损 Abstract A survey of Chinese Academy of Sciences showed that Our country is one of the worst worlds natural resources wasted country, In 59 countries surveyed in the No. 56. According to the statistics our countrys energy efficiency is only 26.9 percent of the United States, Japans 11.5 percent, transmission line damaging rate is much higher than the advanced international power companies. The economic operation of power networks are mainly embodied in the loss in power lines. At present, Our countrys power in transforming, transmission and distribution of electric energy loss in the course of 9 percent of capacity, and countryside electrical network because of obsolete equipment, the ageing of the reasons for high energy consumption, the average line loss, and change more than 20 percent loss in some areas, Even as high as 60 percent. This has greatly increased the size of the original will not benefit the rural electricity costs. According to the article access to the large number of countryside electrical network line loss of information, generated from the line losses, losses along the line of management, distribution network of line loss calculation, the low-voltage line losses, and other aspects of the analysis, And a targeted manner by the use of reactive power compensation equipment increased power factor, to boos