摘要为研究桂竹林MakinoBambooForest土根系统及其力学特性.doc

摘要 為研究桂竹林(Makino Bamboo Forest)土根系統及其力學特性，選取石門水庫集水區，桃園縣復興鄉桃119線8 K處之桂竹林地為研究樣區。各選取10株3年生桂竹，以剖面法(Profile wall methods)挖掘桂竹之根系剖面(長1 m × 寬1 m × 深0.6 m 本研究結果摘錄如下： 桂竹之根系剖面結果顯示，桂竹無垂直主根，地下莖分布深度約在土層深度0~0.3 m之間；鬚根根量豐富，分布深度約在0~0.6 m之間，最深可達0.7~1 m，判斷桂竹之根域範圍對於網結土壤、抵抗地表沖蝕與水分入滲之能力俱佳。 現地鬚根拔出試驗中，發現鬚根根徑d(m)與其Pp拔出斷裂抗力(kN)呈現指數相關，其計算式為： Pp = 1210.4d2.0008 0.05×10-2 m≦d≦0.4×10 Pp：拔出斷裂抗力(×10-3kN) d：鬚根根徑(×10-2m 室內根段(地下莖)拉力試驗中，24組桂竹地下莖試驗平均根徑為0.19 m、平均拉力破壞載重為5.44 kN、平均抗拉強度為19080.2 kN/m2。 綜合上述根系力學特性，可推求桂竹根系之土-根系統剪力強度增量△Sr約介於19.2~92.0 kN/m2 (根系剖面寬1 m × 深0. 桂竹根系隨地下莖向外擴充，根部韌性強，盤根錯節相互連結成緊密網狀，就如建築物構造中的基礎結構鋼筋網一樣；鬚根含量豐富能保護土壤避免受雨滴直接的衝擊，提供表層土壤抗沖蝕之能力。桂竹林地崩塌之情形，主要在於受外力之影響，如道路工程挖掘坡腳或地震導致坡面不穩定。桂竹本身受淺根性影響，在根系與土壤層間形成自由端，造成水分由此處滲出，而導致溯源侵蝕的產生。如遇豪大雨，雨水急速灌入土層裂縫，極易發生崩塌之情事。一般而言，桂竹林地若無上述之外力影響，則崩塌與土壤流失之情形並不易發生。 關鍵字：桂竹林、土-根系統、剖面法、現地鬚根拔出試驗、根段拉力試驗 Abstract For study the relationships between soil/root system and mechanics characteristics of the Makino Bamboo forest, the experimental site was taken in the Tao-yuan County 119 lines 8 km of Shin-men reservoir. Select 10 Makino Bamboos to observe the distribution of root system by use Profile wall methods(L 1 m × W 1 m × D 0.6 m), and used the Definiens Professional 5 software for image classification. Record hair roots and rhizomes of the destruction of load by using pull-out test of hair root test and tensile test of root segment to find the shear strength increment of soil/root system This research result is excerpted as follows: The result showed that Makino Bamboo no vertical top roots, the rhizomes distribution within 0~0.3 m soil depth. The hair roots distribution within 0~0.6 m soil depth. The results showed that Makino Bamboo have very high capacity network node soil, surface erosion resistance and water infiltration The hair roots of Makino Bamboo pull-out breakage force to become index number with its diameter just related, its calculation type is： Pp = 1210.4d2.0008 0.05×10-2 m≦d≦0.4×10 Pp：pull-out breakage force (×10-3kN) d：hair roots diameter (