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新编英国文学选读（下）
The Age of Romanticism浪漫主义时期
Romanticism浪漫主义：The glorification of instinct and emotion, a deep veneration of nature, and an intense passion to remake the world
Subjectivism主观主义，个人主义：
1、Interested in the feelings, thoughts, and experiences of the poets themselves
2、Much more imaginative
Spontaneity自发性：
1、William Wordsworth defined poetry as “the spontaneous overflow of feelings”
2、No need to follow “rules” and “regulations”
3、Focused on independence
4、More “heart” than “head”
Melancholy忧郁，悲哀：Themes of exile, isolation, a longing for the infinite (an unreachable goal is commonly found in their works)
William Wordsworth：
Born and grew up near the Lake district
Beautiful scenic spot in northwestern England
Lyrical Ballads (1798)—preface is an important piece of literary criticism
Declaration of romantic ideals
Profound love of nature, which characterizes all of his works
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”：
Subjectivism—What perspective is the poem from? Who is telling it?
Spontaneity—What are some words that describe emotions?
Worship of Nature—How is nature seen?
Melancholy—Are there any words that are sad?
Jane Austen:
简·奥斯汀一生一共有六部主要作品：
1：《理智与情感》又名《 理性与感性》（Sense and Sensibility， 1811）
2：《 傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice， 1813）
3：《 曼斯菲尔德庄园》（Mansfield Park， 1814）
4：《 爱玛》（Emma， 1815）
5：《 诺桑觉寺》（Northanger Abbey， 1818， 死后出版）
6：《 劝导》（Persuasion， 1818， 死后出版）
The Victorian Age维多利亚时期
Background:
Refers to the time Queen Victoria ruled
British Empire: “the empire on which the sun never sets”
A very prosperous time for wealthy industrial capitalists but a terrible time for the poor labor class
Many authors were trying to reveal the darker side of the seemingly prosperous society
Pride--a feeling that you are more important or better than other people
Prejudice--preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience
Utilitarianism功利主义：“The value of any institution, government, and church depends on… whether it contributes or not to the
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