高氮奥氏体钢的韧脆转变研究-中国金属学会.PDFVIP

2007 中国钢铁年会论文集 高氮奥氏体钢的韧脆转变研究 马玉喜 1，2* 荣 凡 2 周 荣 1 朗宇平 2 蒋业华 1 （1. 昆明理工大学机电工程学院，昆明 650093 ；2. 钢铁研究总院结构材料研究所，北京 100081 ） 摘 要 在−60℃～室温范围内，采用夏比冲击试验测定材料的韧—脆转变温度（DBTT ），并通过对冲击断口的扫 描电镜（SEM）观察和透射电镜（TEM ）观察等方法，对几种不同含氮量奥氏体不锈钢在低温下发生韧—脆转变的 现象进行了研究。结果表明：在超高氮奥氏体钢中，随氮含量的增加该钢种发生韧—脆转变的温度上升，符 DBTT=300CN-303(℃)方程式；在Charpy 冲击测试试验中除大量高密度位错和层错外未发现奥氏体基体结构变化， 其断口形貌由韧窝→韧窝和似准解理→似解理脆断变化，断裂形式为以穿晶主的混合断裂。 关键词 夏比冲击试验 高氮奥氏体钢 韧—脆转变 似解理断裂 Research of Ductile to Brittle Transition of High Nitrogen Containing Austenitic Stainless Steels Ma Yuxi1,2 Rong Fan2 Zhou Rong1 Lang Yuping2 Jiang Yehua1 (1. Kunming University of Science and Technology Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering ， Kunming ，650093; 2. Central Iron Steel Research Institute, Beijing ，100081) Abstract The DBTT of super-high nitrogen containing austenitic stainless steels was tested between room-temperature and −60℃ by Charpy-type test, and the ductility and brittleness transition of it was investigated under low temperature by the SEM, TEM and XRD methods. The results show that for super-high nitrogen containing austenitic stainless steels, the DBTT is shifted to high temperature ，which accords with the equation DBTT=300CN-303(℃); it only shows a lot of fault ribbon and high density dislocation but not to detect variation of austenitic matrix during Charpy-type test,The change of fracture patterns of the stainless steels is dimple →dimple and cleavage-like fracture →cleavage-like fracture, and fracture mode is a mix fracture with primary transgranular fracture. Key words charpy-type test，super-high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, ductile to brittle transition, cleavage-like fracture 高氮奥氏体不锈钢是最近兴起的一种重要工程材料，目