数学英语专业术语词汇规范.doc

数学英语专业术语词汇 数学专业术语词汇 代数部分1.有关数学运算add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply, times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的divided evenly被整除dividend被除数，divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数 factorial阶乘power乘方radical sign,? root sign根号round to四舍五入? increase 增加?? reduce减少 3.有关代数式、方程和不等式value值equation 方程algebraic term代数项like terms, similar terms同类项satisfy 满足numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程，等价方程linear equation线性方程(e.g.5x+6=22) 4.有关分数和小数fraction 分数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator（最小）公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数percent? 百分之 5.基本数学概念average?? 平均数 maximum/ minimum number 最大/ 最小数? square 平方arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字 not more than不大于less than 小于? units’ digit个位数字? sum 和? represent? 代表adjacent? 相邻的? constant常数variable变量inverse function反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32round off四舍五入 6.有关数论number?? 数natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer, odd number奇数even integer, even number偶数integer, whole number整数positive integer?????? 正整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数real number, rational number实数,有理数irrational（number）无理数inverse倒数composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……注意：所有的质数(2除外)都是奇数，但奇数不一定是质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子? decimal system十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列sequence?? 数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列