《经济学专业英语教程（第三版下）》Unit2人口.ppt

Unit 2 Text: Population （人口） 1. Key words 2. Importance of the size and type of population 3. Labor force 4. Unemployment and employment 5. Natural increase of population 6. Questions 1. Key words 2. Importance of the size and type of population 2.1 As a market for goods and services 2.2 The population provides the members of the workforce 2.1 As a market for goods and services All members of the population are consumers in some form or other, and the number of consumers who must share the foods and services available has profound effects on the individual’s standard of living and on the economy itself. 2.2 The population provides the members of the workforce The workforce is only a part of the total population. Combined with other resources, the workforce produces most of the goods and services required by the entire population. To a large extent, the size of the population affects the size of the workforce. The larger the available workforce the greater the potential for production, but it is not numbers alone which make for an efficient and effective workforce. The larger the population the greater the number of consumers, which usually means that a larger workforce is needed in order to supply their needs. 3. Labor force 3.1 Definition of labor force 3.2 Factors affecting labor force 3.1 Definition of labor force Labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed. Labor is one of the country’s resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community. 3.2 Factors affecting labor force 3.2.1 Age distribution of the total population 3.2.2 Number of school students 3.2.3 Quality of the workforce 3.2.1 Age distribution of the total population If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then t