以生态辩证法到多元现代性.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 9 论生态辩证法与多元现代性? ? 本文为武汉大学自选项目与“70后”学者学术发展计划支持研究成果。 ——关于生态文明与马克思主义生态观的思考 赵士发 (武汉大学哲学学院 马克思主义哲学研究所) 摘要：当代全球性的生态危机，是资本主义主导的现代工业文明的整体性危机。人类要在人、自然与社会关系上建立新的平衡，就必须对工业文明进行革命性的变革，建构新的生态文明。这种新的生态文明的哲学基础即生态辩证法，其实质在于正确处理整体与部分、普遍与特殊、斗争与和谐、精神与物质等几个方面的辩证关系。这也是马克思主义生态观的主要内容。当代生态文明的构建，要求批判地否定资本主义一元现代性，反对后殖民主义，倡导和实践多元现代性，实现人类生产方式、生活方式与思维方式的转变，使人们在生态意识上达到普遍自觉，从而进行生态地生产与生态地生活。只有在生态文明的条件下,多元现代性才是真正可能的。 关键词：生态文明；生态辩证法；多元现代性；马克思主义 Eco-dialectics and the Possibility of the Multiple Modernities ABSTRACT: The contemporary global ecosystem crisis is a crisis of the whole capitalism and the modern industrial civilization. The mankind would like to establish new balance relation among person, nature and society, so they have to carry on a revolution to the industrial civilization, to construct a new kind of ecosystem civilization. The philosophical foundation of eco-civilization is a new eco-dialectics. In essence, that means we should deal with the dialectical relations between the whole and part, the single and diverse, the conflict and harmony, the spirit and material etc. They are also the main contents of Marxist ecosystem view. In order to set up the contemporary eco-civilization, we should negate capitalism single modernity and oppose post-colonialism. At the same time we should practice diverse modernity and change completely mankinds mode of production, life style and mode of thinking. By this we can make people attain wider and wider self-consciousness on ecology, so they can carry on ecological production and live an ecological life. Only under the condition of eco-civilization, is it possible for multiple modernities. KEY WORDS: Eco-civilization; Eco-dialectics; Multiple Modernities; Marxism 日益严重的生态危机使越来越多的人认识到，我们必须创造一种不同于传统的农业文明和现代工业文明的新文明——生态文明。近些年来，“生态”一词也颇为流行，甚至成了一个时髦的口号。人们热衷于谈论“生态经济”、“生态文化”、“生态美学”、“生态社会主义”与“生态马克思主义”等，仿佛我们真的已经进入了一种新型的生态文明中。在我看来，不论是在理论上还是在实践中，建构生态文明都还任重而道远。这不仅是因为当代世界生态危机问题日益严峻，而且还因为作为一种自觉意识的生态观念在世界范围内也远未达成共识。如果不从根本上反思当代生态危机的性质和根源，科学地把握生态文明的性质和历史地位