P1c2-电力半导体开关概要综述.ppt

Chapter 2：Overview of Power Semiconductor Switches 2-1 Introduction 2-2 Diodes 2-3 Thyristors 2-4 Desired Characteristics in Controlled Switches 2-6 Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors 2-8 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors Total power loss includes: conduction loss Switching loss (turn-off loss + turn-on loss) off-state loss (usually very small and can be neglected) Protection circuit is also very often used in power electronic system especially for the expensive power semiconductors. 4 Configuration of systems using power electronic devices Control circuit Detection (measurement)circuit drivecircuit Power circuit(power stage,main circuit) Control circuit (in a broad sense) Electric isolation:optical or magnetic 5 A classification of power electronic devices Uncontrolled device (Uncontrollable device) Half-controlled device (Half-controllable device) Fully-controlled device (Fully-controllable device) Uncontrolled device (Uncontrollable device): diode Appearance Structure Symbol Cathode Anode K A Anode Cathode Half-controlled device (Half-controllable device): thyristor or Silicon controlled Rectifier (SCR) turned-on by a control signal and turned-off by the power circuit Cathode Anode Gate Fully-controlled device (Fully-controllable device): Power MOSFET, IGBT,GTO, IGCT Other classifications Current-driven (current-controlled) devices Voltage-driven (voltage-controlled) devices (Field-controlled devices) Pulse-triggered devices Level-sensitive (level-triggered) devices Unipolar devices (Majority carrier devices) Bipolar devices (Minority carrier devices) Composite devices 2-2 POWER DIODES （功率二极管） Appearance Structure Symbol Cathode Anode K A Anode Cathode 2 Types of power diodes Line-frequency diodes (rectifier diodes) The on-state voltage is very low Have larger reverse-recovery time trr (trr5μs) have blocking voltage rating of several kilovolts and current ratings of several kiloam