2019-2020同步人教英语新课标选修七讲义：Unit+3+英美文化欣赏和答案.docVIP

PAGE 【导读】　《白鲸》(Moby Dick)是19世纪美国最著名的小说家之一赫尔曼·梅尔维尔于1851年发表的一篇海洋题材的小说，小说描写了亚哈船长为了追逐并杀死白鲸莫比·迪克，最终与白鲸同归于尽的故事。阅读下面选取的有关捕鲸的节选，对比中外文化中对鲸鱼态度的异同。 Moby Dick (excerpt) Pitchpoling To make them run easily and swiftly，the axles of carriages are anointed；and for much the same purpose，some whalers perform a similar operation upon their boat；they grease the bottom.Nor is it to be doubted that as such a procedure can do no harm，it may possibly be of no contemptible advantage；considering that oil and water are hostile；that oil is a sliding thing，and that the object in view is to make the boat slide bravely.Queequeg believed strongly in anointing his boat，and one morning not long after the German ship Jungfrau disappeared，took more than customary pains in that occupation；crawling under its bottom，where it hung over the side，and rubbing as though diligently seeking to insure a crop of hair from the crafts bald keel. He seemed to be working in obedience to some particular presentiment.Nor did it remain unwarranted by the event. Towards noon whales were raised；but so soon as the ship sailed down to them，they turned and fled swiftly. Nevertheless，the boats pursued，and Stubbs was foremost.By great effort，Tashtego at last succeeded in planting one iron；but the stricken whale，without at all sounding，still continued his horizontal flight，with added speed.Such unintermitted strainings upon the planted iron must sooner or later inevitably extract it.It became imperative to lance the flying whale，or be content to lose him.But to haul the boat up to his flank was impossible，he swam so fast and furious.What then remained? Of all the wondrous devices and dexterities，the sleights of hand and countless subtleties，to which the veteran whaleman is so often forced，none exceed that fine manoeuvre with the lance called pitchpoling.Small sword，or broad sword，in all its exercises boasts nothing like it.It is only indispensable with an inveterate running whale；its grand fact and feature is the wonderful d