砂岩储集层微波加热产生微裂缝的机理及意义.pdf

　　　　　　　　 　2007 2 　　　　　　　　PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT　　　　　　　Vol.34　No. 1 93 :1000-0747(2007)0-1009-3 05 李皋, 孟英峰, 董兆雄, 唐洪明, 罗玉琼, 张廷山 (西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工 国家重点实验室) :油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室开放基金项目资助(PLN0413) :微波加热无需介质传热, 具有升温速度快、热惯性小、选择性加热、穿透力强、过 易于控制等优点, 已被试验性地应 用于石油开采中。但有关微波加热对储集层岩石微观结构影响的研究还很缺乏, 限制了该项技术在油气开采领域的广泛 应用。通过实验手段研究了微波加热前后砂岩岩样微观结构变化、微裂缝产生机理及特征。结果表明, 砂岩在微波加热 过 中容易产生微裂缝, 且不同岩石的微波加热致裂机理不尽相同, 主要包括:矿物失水收缩、颗粒粒间开裂和颗粒内部 开裂, 低渗透致密砂岩刚性颗粒的粒内开裂作用显著。微波加热产生的微裂缝具非定向特征, 即使在应力的作用下有 一 部分裂缝会发生闭合, 但仍有大量微裂缝可以起到增加渗透率的作用。井下微波加热的致裂作用有助于改善近井区域渗 流能力, 提高低渗透油气藏的开采效率。 图4 参15 :砂岩;微波加热;微裂 ;低渗透;油气藏 :TE31　　　:A Mechanisms and significance of microfractures generated by microwave heating in sandstone reservoirs LI Gao, MENG Ying-feng, DONG Zhao-xiong, TANG Hong- ing, LUO Yu-qiong, ZHANG Ting-shan (S tateKey Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exp loitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan 610500, hina) Abstract:For its unique characteristics of none heat conduction needed, rapid te perature rise, little ther al inertia, selective heating, strong penetration power and easy control, icrowave heating (MWH)has been experi entally applied to oil exploitation. However, few researches focused on the icrostructure changes of reservoir rocks during MWH. This hinders the application of the MWH technology. Microstructure changes, icrofracture characteristics and its generation echanis s during MWH were studied through laboratory experi ents. Co pared with conditional heating, as the results have shown, MWH was ore likely to induce sandstoneto generate icrofractures with different echanis s. Three ajor echanis s were noted, including ineral shrinking due to dehydration, cracking a ong granules and cracking inside