语法第五讲代词.doc

语法第五讲代词 代词分类 代词可分为人称代词（I , them, you等）， 形容词性物主代词（my, your 等）， 名词性物主代词（mine, hers等）， 不定代词（anything, some等）， 指示代词（this , that ,these, those等） 疑问代词（who, whatever, 等）， 反身代词（myself, itself等）， 相互代词（each other, one another） 关系代词（as, who, which等）等。 代词的一致 2.1由or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but（also）接的词，如果数和性是一致的，就用其相应的代词；如果性和数不一致，代词与其临近的名词保持一致。　　 Neither he nor she wants to visit her uncle. Not only my mother but also I care a lot about my father. 2.2each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, somebody等修饰主语或作主语时，相应的代词用单数。 Everybody talked at the top of his voice. Everything is ready for the picnic, isnt it? 2.3[注]1。由 any, every, no,some与body, one, thing构成的合成代词做主语时，代词一般用单数，依上下文定，用he,she或it,his,her或its。 I shall be glad to help every one of the girls in her studies. 代词的排列顺序和功能 3.1.人称代词 3.1.4 3.1.4.1 You and I ; you and us 3.1.4.2 My friends and I ; Henry and me 3.1.4.3 You or they; you or them 3.1.4.4 You, him and me; you , Jim and I 3.1.4.5 We and ten others went on the trip. I and anyone else will enjoy the music. 3.1.4.6 I and the old man living next door. We and the students of the college 2.1.4.7第一人称+第二或第三人称（在承担责任、承认错误、检讨工作时）。例如： I and she are to blame. We and the children spoiled the plan. 2.1.4.8父母、妻子、丈夫+第一人称+子女。例如： My husband and I and our twin sons, Tom and Scott, will be going. My mother and I and Tom once sat there in the park. 2.1.5用主格还是宾格 2.1.5.1在系动词后，在such as, the same thing as, other than, rather than, between, think of… being后，一般用主格或宾格皆可，口语中更多用宾格。例如： It is she(或her). It seems to be he(或him). They thought of the law-breaker being he(或him). He broke the window rather than she(her). Nobody, other than he (him)went that way. Between you and me(I), he is a liar. 2.1.5.2在think…to be…; imagine…to be; suppose…to be; look upon…as等后，多用宾格。例如： They imagined the new manager to be me.. People supposed the best player to be her. She looked upon me as him. He thought the painters to be them. 注意：代词作补语时与动词