[高三英语]现在分词.pptVIP

6)作结果状语,现在分词的动作同谓语动词的动作几乎同时发生. The mother died, leaving five children behind. They fired at the enemy, killing two. 现在分词无论作何种状语, 它的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语,句子的主语可能是分词动作的执行者, 句子的主语也可能是分词动作的承受者. 但在一些表示说话者态度的固定表达方式中, 分词短语的逻辑主语和句子的主语是不一致的.这种结构常见的有: 1)Generally/strickly/broadly/…+speaking 2)Judging from… 3) Considering that … Generally speaking, men are stronger than women.(=If we are to speak generally,…) Judging from his looks, something bad must have happened to him. Considering that she has no experience, she has done a good job. (3).现在分词的时态 现在分词有两种时态 A.现在分词的一般式 (doing) : 表示分词 的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生.如: They stood there, talking. Walking in the street, I met an old friend of mine. B.现在分词的完成式(having done):表示分词 的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前.如: Having done their homework, the boy went home. Having been there many times, he knew the place very well. (4).现在分词的语态 当一个现在分词逻辑上的主语是现在分词动作的承受者, 这个现在分词一般要用被动形式 ①作名词的后置定语，表示当时正在进行的被动动作 The building being repaired is our library.现在正在维修的那座楼房是我们的图书馆。 This is one of the experiments being carried out in our laboratory. ②用作宾语补足语，表示当时正在进行的被动动作 You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere. As we approached the village, we saw new houses being built. ③作状语,表示当时正在进行的被动动作 如： Being cooled in the air, the steel is becoming harder and harder. 注:如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生有时需要用现在分词的完成被动式(having been done) Having been shown the lab, we were taken to visit the dining-room. （一）现在分词 (1).现在分词的语法形式 现在分词无人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化.其时态和语态的变化形式与动名词相同. 时态\语态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 完成式 Doing having done being done Having been done (2)、现在分词的句法功能 具有形容词和副词的特征,可充当成分: 表语, 定语,宾语补足语, 状语 1. 现在分词作表语 现在分词作表语起形容词作用,说明主语的特征及主语所具备的动作功能.常译为”使(令) … 怎样.” 如: The news is very disappointing. His story is very moving. (encouraging, inspiring, exciting, interesting….) 2. 现在分词作定语 现在分词作定语, 表示主动意义,它与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系,通常可改为定语从句.它从以下两方面来说明中心词 A.表示动作正在进行 Don’t wake up the sleeping boy. = Don’t wake up the boy who is sleeping I don’ t know the man writing something over