炎症、感染与相关疾病.pdf

分子医学分子医学 （Molecular Medicine ） 炎症、感感染与相关疾病 鲁林荣鲁林荣 Lu.linrong@ /llr 医学院科研楼B813-819 Inflammation Inflammation is part of the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli,, such as ppathoggens,, damaged cells, or irritants. Inflammation is a protective attempt by the organism to remove the injurious stimuli and td to i initiitiatte th the h healiling process. Four Major Symptoms of Inflammation:Four Major Symptoms of Inflammation: 1. Redness 2. Pain 3. Heat 44. SSwellilling May also observe:May also observe: 5. Loss of function Functions of Inflammation 1. Destroy and remove pathogens (as well as damaged self tissues and cells). 22. If dIf desttructition i is not t poss iblible, t to li limitit e ffffectts b by confining the pathogen and its products. 3. Repair and replace tissue damaged by pathogen and its productsand its products. Stages of InflammationStages of Inflammation 1. Vasodilation: Increase in diameter of blood vessels. Triggggered by chemicals released by damaged cells: histamine, kinins, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes (组胺，激肽，前列腺素，白三烯). 2. Phagocyte Migration and Margination: Margination is the processprocess inin whichwhich phagocytesphagocytes stickstick toto lininglining ofof bloodblood vesselsvessels. Diapedesis (Emigration): Phagocytes squeeze between endothelial cells of blood vessels and enter surrounding tissue. Phagocytes are attttracttedd tto sitite off iinffectition ththroughh chhemottaxiis. PhPhagocyttes destroy microbes, as well as dead and damaged host cells. 3. Tissue Repair: Dead and damaged cells are replaced. Definition of Infectious DiseasesDefinition of Infectious Diseases Also know