船用齿轮箱振动噪声分析及试验.docVIP

第34卷第8期重庆大学学报 Vo l.34No.82011年8月Jour nal of Cho ng qing U niv ersity A ug.2011 文章编号:1000-582X(201108-048-07 GWC 6066船用齿轮箱振动噪声分析及试验 刘 文1 ,林腾蛟1 ,吕和生 1,2 (1.重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400044;2.重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司,重庆402263 摘 要:采用弹簧单元模拟轮齿啮合刚度,杆单元模拟箱体间的联结螺栓,弹簧阻尼单元模拟滑动轴承和滚动轴承,建立由齿轮、传动轴、轴承和箱体等组成的GWC6066船用齿轮箱动态有限元分析模型及声学边界元模型;分析了齿轮箱在内部动态激励下的动态响应,预估了齿轮箱的振动烈度、结构噪声及空气噪声,并对齿轮箱进行实验模态分析及振动噪声测试,与仿真结果对比分析,二者吻合良好。 关键词:船用齿轮箱;动态响应;振动;噪声 中图分类号:T H 113.1 文献标志码:A Analysis and test on vibration and acoustic noise of GWC 6066marine gearbox LIU Wen 1,LIN Teng-jiao 1,LV H e-she ng 1,2 (1.State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission ,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,P.R.China; 2.Chongqing Gearbox Co.Ltd.,Chongqing 402263,P.R.China A bstract:The mesh stiffness of gear tooth is simulated by spring elements,the connected bolt between various housings are simplified as bar elements,and the sliding bearing and rolling bearing are simplified as spring dumping elements.Based on them,the gear -shaf-t bearing -housing coupled finite element model and boundary element model of GWC6066marine gearbox are established.Finally,the dynamic response under internal dynamic excitation is analyzed and the vibration severity,structura -l borne noise and air -borne noise of the gear system are forecasted.Through the experimental modal analysis of gear system,and the test of vibration response and air pressure,the natural frequencies,vibration severity,structura -l borne noise and air -borne noise are obtained.Compared with numerical results,two results show good agreement. Key w ords:marine gearbox;dynamic response;vibrations;acoustic noise 齿轮系统运行时,由于同时参与啮合轮齿对数的变化、轮齿受载产生的弹性变形以及齿轮加工装配误差等原因,齿轮副将产生动态啮合激励并引起振动,经传动轴及轴承传递至轴承座及箱体,激起箱体振动并辐射噪声[1]。在齿轮系统设计阶段就对其振动响应及声辐射特性进行研究,从而制定合理的减振降噪 措施[2],已成为目前齿轮系统设计中一项重要任务。因此通过理论分析,借助有限元法及边界元法对齿轮系统振动噪声进行数值仿真及试验研究具有重要的理论意义和工程实用价值。 齿轮系统的振动噪声一直受到人们的广泛关注,振动响应的分析方法包括集中参数法 [3-5] 或有限 元法[6-8],还可将2种方法结合运用[9-10]。分析振动响应时,首先计算齿轮系统的内部动态激励[11-12],然后将内部动态激励施加在齿轮副上,最后通过求解微分方程得到其振动响应,还可进一步对振动响应进行频谱分析,从而预估齿轮系统的振