(钩端螺旋体病).pptVIP

Respiratory Symptoms Common symptoms Cough Expectoration Hemoptysis Chest pain Cyanosis Dyspnea Cough (a protective reflex): causes Respiratory diseases___ the most common causes Airway agents Bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma, endobronchial tuberculosis, tumor, pharyngitis Lung agents Infection, edema, fibrosis, tumor Pleural agents Pleurisy, pneumothorax, mesothelioma of pleura Cough (a protective reflex): causes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiogenesis edema, pulmonary embolism Central nervous system agents Initiative cough, encephalitis, meningitis Cough : manifestations Characteristics Dry cough (non-sputum) Productive cough (sputum: infectious, edema) Attack Time (morning, midnight, early morning) Season (spring, summer, fall and/or winter) Motivation (fume inhalation, exertion) Tone Hoarseness High pitch Weak Brassy Cough: accompany signs Fever (infection) Chest pain (infection, tumor, pleurisy, pneumothorax, pulmo embolism) Dyspnea Hemoptysis (bronchietasis, tuberculosis, tumor) Bulk pus sputum (bronchietasis, lung abscess) Wheezing (asthma, foreign body) Clubbing fingers (bronchietasis, lung cancer, chronic lung abscess) Sputum: amount Bulk frothy sputum Pulmo edema Bulk serofluid sputum Alveolar cell carcinoma Bulk pus sputum Bronchiectasis Lung abscess Layering upper: frothy, middle: mucoid or mucopus, lower: necrosis substance Sputum: consistency Mucoid sputum Bronchitis (without bacterial infection) Asthma Early stage of pneumonia Serofluid sputum Pulmo edema Pus sputum Any bacterial infection Bloody sputum Sputum: color White mucoid or serofluid sputum Yellow general bacterial infection Green aeruginosus Bacillus infection Grey or black dust inhalation Rusty Lobar pneumonia Pink cardiac edema Red hemoptysis Sputum: foul odor anaerobic bacterium infection Hemoptysis Bleeding from lower respiratory tract The amount varies from blood-strained sputum to several hundreds ml pure blood Mild: ?100ml/d Moderate: 100-500/d Severe: 500 ml