语法填空题解题指导.pptVIP

语法填空题的特点： 从语法填空题空格的设置来看，至少应当包括以下4个特点 ： （1）考查语法 （2）考查语境 （3）考点分散 （4）适当提示 特点一、考查语法: 每一个空格的设置都会涉及到某一条或某几条语法规则，不会单纯考查单词的拼写和词组的用法。 例： In Greece, women had little freedom. Wealthy women hardly left their houses, but they ______________ (allow) to attend weddings and some festivals. 解析：因allow与they在逻辑上是动宾关系，要用被动语态，用be allowed；由had, left可知be是一般过去式；主语是复数they，be的过去式是were，答案是were allowed。 点评：此题就涉及到动词的时态、语态和主谓一致三条语法规则。 例： The ________ why I was sad was that he didnt understand me. 解析：因为why 引导的定语从句，据此判断前面的先行词是reason。 点评：此题看起来好像是考查填入恰当的名词，但实际上是考查定语从句。 特点二、考查语境： 既然采用短文的形式来考查语法，其目的就是要利用短文有较强语境的特点来命题，也就是说，考生要填出正确答案，至少需理解整个句子的意思或各分句之间的逻辑关系，或者需要理解前后几个句子，甚至整个段落或篇章。 例： Several changes have brought wild animals to the _______. Foremost, air and water quality in many cities have improved as a result of the 1970s pollution control efforts… 解析：在冠词the后必定是名词，再根据下句可确定要填cities。 点评：本题若只根据设空句本身，而不阅读并理解下文，是不可能填出正确答案的。 ... There was a tall glass mirror between the windows of the room. Suddenly Della turned from the window, stood before the glass mirror and looked at _______. Her eyes were shining, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds. Quickly she pulled down her hair and .... 三、考点分散 语法填空题的考点基本上一个空格代表一个语法点，10个空有可能涉及到10个语法点，至少也得有7个语法点。即使对一些非常重要的语法项目，如动词时态、非谓语动词、不定代词等，单独一个语法项目也可能是用一空，至多两空来考查，设三空的可能性是比较小的。 四、适当提示 若涉及到动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词、词类转换等需要词形变化的空格，有时给予提示。 例: Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, __________ (reach) a record US$ 57.65 a barrel (桶) on April 4. 解析：reach及后面的内容是伴随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，用现在分词作状语，故填reaching。 例: There was a tall glass mirror between the windows of the room. Suddenly Della turned from the window, stood before the glass mirror and looked at herself. Her eyes were shining, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds. Quickly she pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full _______ (long). 例: It would be ____________ (believe