定语从句简案.docVIP

一、基本概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。如： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 注意： （1）定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词； （2）定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。 （3）★引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose，as ★关系副词有：when, where, why. （一）关系代词的用法： 关系代词引导的定语从句, 关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等句子成分。 指代对象 在从句中所做的成分 人 物 人+物 可否省略 主语 who/that which/that that 不可 宾语 who/whom/that which/that that 可 表语 that that that 可 定语 whose/of whom whose/of which 不可 1．★作定语用whose =the+ n+ of of which =of which the + n 注意： “介词 + whose +名词”引导定语从句。 (a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week. (b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 门是蓝色的那间房是我的。 2．★作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。 ★as在定语从句中的用法::：as可以引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 （1）. as引导非限制性定语从句，有“正如，就像”之意。它在从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语。 注意：★the same…that与the same…as在意思上是不同的。 This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. 这个书包和我昨天丢的相似。（相似物） This is the same bag that I lost yesterday. 这正是我昨天丢的那个书包。（同一物 (三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1． 这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 4．★as 和which 引导定语从句的区别 有时，非限制性定语从句所修饰的不是某一个词，而是整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，这时一般采用which或as来引导。 I don’t like the way_______he is treated The way___________you thought of to solve the problem is very useful Please find a way _________is the key to solving the problem The reason_____I was late was that I was caught in a traffic jam I don’t believe the reason_________he gave for his being late 9. 在下列情况下，一般只用of whom和of whic