物流英语 第五章.ppt

discounts for transportation, no volume discounts for products, and if firms could forecast demand accurately—there would be no need to store product. Unfortunately, integrated logistics managers operate in an imperfect world and buffer inventory is a reality[5]. Material handling is concerned with the efficient and effective movement of products inside plants and warehouses. Material handling includes packaging, types of material handling systems, and the integration of material handling systems within the facility structure Words and expressions arise from vi. 出现,发生,起因于 yield v. 出产,生长,生产；vi. (～ to)屈服,屈从 n. 产量,收益 duplicate adj. 复制的,副的,两重的,两倍的,完全相同 n. 复制品,副本 vt. 复写,复制,使加倍,使成双 sustainable adj. 可以忍受的,足可支撑的,养得起的 bound n. 跃进,跳,范围,限度 adj. 正要启程的,开往...去的,被束缚的,装订的 v. 跳跃,限制 conversion n. 变换,转化 conversion operations 转换运作 sustain vt. 支撑,撑住,维持, 持续 interweave v. (使)交织,织进, (使)混杂 be found at 在某地,到某地 collectively adv. 全体地, 共同地 * * * * * * * * Chapter5 The Development of Logistics Integration Text A Integrated Logistics Integrated logistics is defined as: the process of anticipating customer needs and wants; acquiring the capital, materials , people, technologies, and information necessary to meet those needs and wants; optimizing the goods ---or service---producing a network to fulfill customer requests; and utilizing the network to fulfill customer requests in a timely way[1] . Integration has been one of the development of logistics management[2]. This development began around 40 years ago at a local level. Today, many businesses are making efforts to integrate global supply networks, comprise several tiers of supplier and distributor, and use different transport modes and carries[3]. The process of logistical integration can be divided into four stages: Stage 1. Began in the early 1960s in the USA and involved the in