医学英语阅读（第1册）Unit 4 The Muscular System.ppt

* Background Information made up of millions of tiny protein filaments which work together to produce motion in the body. They move and make us capable of a variety of actions by simply contracting and becoming shorter or by relaxing and becoming longer. Muscles pull, but they cannot push. Each person has over six hundred muscles; these are served by nerves which link each individual muscle to the brain and spinal cord. Our bodily needs demand that muscles accomplish different chores, so we are equipped with three types of muscles. Cardiac muscles, found only in the heart, * Background Information power the action that pumps blood throughout the body.Smooth muscles surround - or are part of - the internal organs. Both cardiac and smooth muscles are called involuntary muscles, because they cannot be consciously controlled. The skeletal muscles are the third type of muscle. They carry out voluntary movements and ache after strenuous exercise. Skeletal muscles are the bodys most abundant tissue, comprising about 23% of a womans body weight and around 40% of a mans body weight. * Types of Muscle 1) Smooth Muscle (visceral and involuntary) components size characteristics functions arrangement physiological properties * Types of Muscle smooth muscle tissue Longitudinal section Transverse section isolated * Types of Muscle 2) Cardiac Muscle properties contraction cardiac fiber cardiac muscle in histology * Types of Muscle Cardiac muscle Longitudinal section Transverse section * Types of Muscle 3) Skeletal Muscle (approximately 640) — striated, somatic and voluntary muscle size sarcolemma transverse striations * Types of Muscle 骨骼肌纵切面 骨骼肌横纹 骨骼肌横切面 肌节电镜图 Comparisons of three types of muscle Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Skeletal muscle location viscera heart skeleton function visceral activity heart beat movement, posture striation non-striated striated striated control involuntary autonomic nerve involuntary autonomic nerve voluntary somatic ner