高中英语语法定语从句.pptxVIP

The Attributive Clause定语从句定语的概念？a beautiful girl 形容词an apple tree 名次his bag 形容词性物主代词a sleeping baby 现在分词animals living in the forest 现在分词a reading room 动名词fallen leaves 过去分词a country founded in 1949 过去分词an ability to speak a foreign language 不定式定语从句的概念、结构？This is the car which he bought last year.This is which he bought last year.先行词关系词the car关系词的作用、分类？1.引导定语从句，起连接作用2.代替先行词：人、事/物、时间、地点、原因3.充当从句的一个所缺成分分类：1.关系代词：指代先行词为人、事/物 【从句缺少主语/宾语(关系代词可省)/表语/定语成分(whose+n.)】 2.关系副词：指代时间、地点、原因状语【从句不缺少主语宾语表语等成分，而缺少状语】做题方法论？1.识别：判断题目为定语从句，区别于名词性从句和状语从句。2.分析：分析从句所缺的成分（1）缺主/宾/表/定 选用关系代词（2）缺时间/地点/原因 状语 选用关系副词3.先行词：看先行词是属于哪一类的词4.验证：检验答案并验证句子意思关系词关系代词人：who/whom/that/whose/as事物：which/that/whose/as关系副词时间：when = on which地点：where = in / at which原因：why= for which所缺成分？五种简单句的基本句型1.主语+不及物动词vi. The sun rises.Tom died.2.主语+及物动词vt.+宾语I like English.He broke the cup.3.主语+及物动词vt.+间宾+直宾He gives me a book.He lent me some money.所缺成分？五种简单句的基本句型4.主语+及物动词vt.+宾语+宾补I find painting relaxing.They made me monitor.He asked his students to study hard.5.主语+系动词+表语I am a teacher.He is strong.The cake tastes delicious.限制性、非限制性定语从句1.限制性定语从句对先行词起限制确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语。如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整不合逻辑。The girl who is in red is my sister.穿红衣服的女孩是我妹妹。2.非限制性定语从句和先行词有逗号隔开，定语从句只是对先行词起附加说明的作用，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整。The letter is from my sister, who is working in Beijing.信是我妹妹寄来的，她目前在北京上班。考点一 关系代词引导的定语从句1．which，that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语(可省略)。I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault.我拒绝因别人的过错而承担责任。2．who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语(可省略)。I’ve become good friends with several of the students who I met in the English speech contest last year.我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的几个学生成为了好朋友。3．whose是一个表示所属关系的词,在定语从句中作定语,of which可以代替whose指物， 词序一般是 the ＋名词＋of which或of which＋ the ＋名词。 of whom可以代替whose指人，词序是 the ＋名词＋of whom或of whom＋ the ＋名词。 The old temple whose roof / the roof of which /of which the roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修中。4．the way后面定语从句的关系词在定语从句中，the wa