组织学与胚胎学18眼睛和耳朵.pptx

Eyes and earsGENERAL DESCRIPTION Eyes: visual organ Ears: the organ of hearing and equilibrium.EYESLacrimal glandMuscles of the eye Eyeball its accessory structures EyelidEyeball 眼球 Retina Iris Vascular layer Ciliary body Walls Choroid Fibrous layer Sclera Cornea Lens Content Aqueous humor Refracting Vitreous body MediaCorneaIrisCiliary bodyChoroidScleraFoveaAqueous humorLensVitreous bodyRetinaOptic nerveVisualaxis1. WALLS 眼球壁Fibrous Cornea layer Sclera IrisVascular Ciliary layer body ChoroidRetina Anterior epi. Bowmans membrane Stroma Posterior limiting lamina Endothelium1. Fibrous tunic纤维膜 Cornea角膜: anterior 1/6 Sclera巩膜: Posterior 5/6 Limbus角膜缘: transition zone Function: protect inner structure maintain eyeball shape.A. Cornea:角膜Colorless transparent 5 layersa. Anterior epithelium 前上皮 non-keratinized stratified squamous epi. Mv.(surface cells); tight junction desmosome (lateral) cells in basal layer have mitotic capacity and arrange in plane Rich in free nerve ending b. Anterior limiting membrane(Bowman’s)前界膜 an acellular homogeneous membrane (collagen fibrils G.S. without cells) can’t renew c. Corneal Stroma角膜基质Several lamellae of fine collagen fibrilKeratocyte角膜细胞: flat with long processes (form f. G.S.)G.S. is rich in GAG (adhesion keep water )No blood vessels **Damage of this layer leaves white scar (may affect vision).d. Posterior limiting lamina后界膜Acellular homogenous membrane(fibrils GS)can be repaired by endothelial cellse. Endothelium (posterior epithelium)角膜内皮 Simple squamous epi. EM: Pinosomes, . rER, Gl. MitFunction: maintain repair the posterior limiting membrane; transport合成和分泌蛋白质，具有活跃的物质转运功能。The reasons of cornea transparent : ① absence of b.v. pigments② basal of epithelium is plane③ collagen fibrils in stroma are uniform ④ G.S.: transparent nature maintains proper waterScleraB. Sclera:巩膜 mainly D.C.T with b.v., collagen fiber bundles, elas