ASHRAE FUN SI CH 12-2009 国外国际规范.pdf

CHAPTER 12 ODORS Odor Sources 12.1 Sense of Smell 12.1 Factors Affecting Odor Perception 12.2 Odor Sensation Attributes 12.3 Dilution of Odors by Ventilation 12.5 Odor Concentration 12.5 Olf Units 12.6 ARIOUS factors make odor control an important consideration masses less than 300 are such potent olfactory stimuli that they can be Vin ventilation engineering: (1) contemporary construction meth- perceived at concentrations too low to be detected with direct-reading ods result in buildings that allow less air infiltration through the build- instruments. Trimethylamine, for example, can be recognized as a ing envelope; (2) indoor sources of odors associated with modern fishy odor by a human at a concentration of about 10−4 ppm. building materials, furnishings, and office equipment have increased; Table 1 shows odor detection threshold concentrations for (3) outdoor air is often polluted; and (4) energy costs encourage lower selected compounds. The threshold limit value (TLV) is the con- ventilation rates at a time when requirements for a relatively odor-free centration of a compound that should have no adverse health conse- environment are greater than ever. quences if a worker is regularly exposed for 8 h periods (ACGIH, Since Yaglou et al.’s (1936) classic studies, the philosophy be- revised annually). Table 1 also includes the ratio of the TLV to the hind ventilation of nonindustrial buil