妇科癌症病人应对方式的调查研究.docVIP

???? 妇科癌症病人应对方式的调查研究 ???? ???? 摘要　妇科癌症病人在诊断、治疗和预后过程中经历了不同程度的生理、心理、社会压力。本研究基于Lazarus和Forlkman的“应激、评估和应对”理论，采用Jalowiec的应对量表(JCS)对50例妇科癌症病人进行调查，其结果发现：妇科癌症病人应用多种应对策略缓解心理应激。在八种应对方式中，乐观应对方式是这组病人应用最多而且最有效的应对方式，其次是支持、保守、自我依赖等应对方式，乐观应对方式是这组病人应用最多而且最有效的应对方式；“希望情况会好起来”是用得最多的应对策略，其次是“努力保持正常的生活，而不被问题所干扰”“尽量往好处想”；“尽量往好处想”是最有效的应对策略；“喝酒”和“做一些危险的事情”是应用最少、最没有效果的应对策略。关键词　妇科癌症　应对方式　应对策略 Coping of Patients with Gynecological Cancer Wang Yu-qiongNursing Department,The Second Teaching Hospital,West China University of Medical Sciences,Sichuan Chengdu 610041. Abstract　The Patients with gynecological cancer have highly stressful experience because of psychological concomitant of cancer diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.Based on Lazarus and Folkmans “stress,appraisal and coping theory,the copying of patients with gynecological cancer was studied by Jalowiec Coping Scale.The result indicated that the patients with gynecological cancer used different and multiple coping strategies in different coping styles to reduce the stress.Optimistic coping style was reported most frequently used and very helpful by subjects,followed by supportant,palliative and self-reliant coping styles;emotive coping style was least frequently used and least helpful.“Hoped that things would get better was reported most frequently used by subjects,following by “Tried to keep your life as normal as possible and not let the problem interfere.“Tried to think positively was reported very helpful coping strategy “Had a drink was reported least frequently used and least helpful coping strategy,followed by “Did something impulsive or risky.Key words　Gynecological cancer　Coping style　Coping strategy 　　妇科癌症是最常见的女性癌症之一，近几年其发病率呈上升趋势。在美国，生殖器官癌症占女性癌症的第四位。［1］在我国，由于生活方式的改变，如吸烟、早期性生活，发病率也呈上升趋势。癌症导致广泛盆腔器官的清扫，以及性功能的改变，给病人和家庭带来危机。病人出现很大的生理、心理、社会压力，出现焦虑、恐惧、压抑、失望、悲伤等心理反应。如何应对这些心理压力，为妇科癌症病人提出了挑战。自1996年11月至1997年2月，对我院及省肿瘤医院50例妇科癌症病人进行调查，现报告如下。 1　对象与方法1.1　对象　　年龄在24～67岁，都知道自己已患癌症，时间为1～12月的妇科癌症病人50例，其中宫颈癌10例，卵巢癌32例，子宫或阴道癌5例，宫内膜癌3例。50例病人中，