教育心理学第三讲学习策略与学习的迁移邓志建.ppt

现在完成时 Present perfect Tense ? 现在完成时 : ? have/ has + 过去分词 ? 1) 表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完 成的动作。 ? Now we have planted all the trees. ? He has just come back. ? 2) 表示过去发生的动作 , 但强调结果或对 现在的影响。 ? Have you had your supper? ? I have read the book twice already. ? 在以上两种用法中常跟 already, not … yet, never, just, before, ever, recently 等时 间继续下去的状语。 ? 3) 表示过去已经开始 , 持续到现在 , 也许 还会继续下去的动作或状态，常与包括 现在在内的一段时间的状语连用 。 ? He has studied English for 6 years. ? Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou.. 过去分词的构成 1. 直接加 -ed 。 如： play-played 2. 以字母 e 结尾的直接加 d 。 如： name- named 3. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的，变 y 为 i 加 ed 。 如： carry-carried 4. 重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双 写这个辅音字母再加 -ed 。 如： stop- stopped 现在完成时 Present perfect 句型 1 . 肯定句 现在完成时的肯定句式是“ have （ has ）＋过去分词 ”。 注意：该句式中的 have 或 has 是助动词， has 用于第三 人称单数，其它人称一律用 have 。 2. 疑问句 现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词 have 或 has 提 到主语之前。 （回答用“ Yes ，．．． have （ has ）．／“ No ，．．． haven t （ hasn t ）．” ） 3. 否定句： 现在完成时的否定句式是“ havent （ hasnt ） ＋过去分词”。 I have eaten my lunch. She has eaten her lunch. He has eaten his lunch. 肯定句 They have eaten their lunch. I have not (havent) seen the film. She has not (hasnt) seen the film. 现在完成时的 否定 形式： have not (havent) + 过去分词 has not (hasnt) + 过去分词 I havent eaten supper. eat-eaten He hasnt changed his idea. change-changed My mother hasnt come back home. come-come 否定句 1. Ive already had dinner. I ________ ________ dinner ________. 2. He has just finished his homework. He ________ ________ his homework _________ 3. Mums cooked the dinner. Mum _______ ________ the dinner. 4. Susans learned English at school. Susan ________ ________ English at school. havent had yet hasnt finished yet hasnt cooked hasnt learned 把下列句子改为否定句 Have you eaten your breakfast? 现在完成时的一般疑问句形式 Have/has 提前 + 过去分词 Have you known Sandy for a long time? Yes, I have/ No, I havent . know-known Has she eaten anything since 9:00 a.m. Yes, she has/ No, she hasnt . eat-eaten 疑问句 1. Ive already had dinner. 2. He has just finished