6.1.2 Nature of Ceramics译文材料导论.pdf

Nature of Ceramics Hello, everyone, today we talk about nature of ceramics 译文： 大家好，今天我们讲的是陶瓷的性质 Ceramics are loosely defined as crystalline solids composed of metallic and nonmetallic materials. Some ceramics are intermetallic compounds. 陶瓷被简单定义为由金属和非金属材料组成的晶态固体。有些陶瓷就是金属化合 物。 译文： 陶瓷被简单定义为由金属和非金属材料组成的晶态固体。有些陶瓷就是金属化合 物。 Ceramics are inorganic materials; and are derived from mineral sources. The word ceramic comes from the Greek keramos, meaning “burnt earth.” The crystal structures of ceramics are made of metallic ions in which bonding is either partially or completely ionic. 陶瓷是无机材料，来自于矿物。陶瓷单词来源于希腊语，意味燃烧的土。陶瓷的 晶体结构是由金属离子构成的，陶瓷中，含有部分或全部离子键。 译文： 陶瓷是无机材料，来自于矿物。陶瓷单词来源于希腊语，意味燃烧的土。陶瓷的 晶体结构是由金属离子构成的，陶瓷中，含有部分或全部离子键。 The variables that govern bonding are (1) the magnitude of the electrical charge on the ions and (2) the relative size of the ions. The resulting crystal must be neutral; that is, all the cation positive charges must be balanced by an equal number of anion negative charges. 控制键的变量是(1)离子电荷的大小，(2)离子尺寸的相对大小。所得到的晶体必 须是中性的; 也就是说，所有阳离子的正电荷必须通过相等数量的阴离子负电荷 来平衡。 译文： 控制键的变量是(1)离子电荷的大小，(2)离子尺寸的相对大小。所得到的晶体必 须是中性的; 也就是说，所有阳离子的正电荷必须通过相等数量的阴离子负电荷 来平衡。 Following some examples are given for ceramics. 译文： 下面是陶瓷的一些例子。 First is Glass. Glass is an amorphous structure, it can be classified as a traditional ceramic, which includes the glasses made from silicates, or as a separate category due to its amorphous structures. 玻璃是一种无定形的结构，它可以被归类为传统的陶瓷，其中包括由硅酸盐制成 的玻璃，或者由于非晶态结构而成为一个单独的类别。 译文： 玻璃是一种无定形的结构，它可以被归类为传统的陶瓷，其中包括由硅酸盐制成 的玻璃，或者由于非晶态结构而成为一个单独的类别。 But glass can also be sorted to advanced ceramics. Do you know what condition should be met for this result? When glass is transformed into a largely crystalline structure by heat treatment to form glass ceramics, it can be conside