资料过去分词作后置定语汇编.pptVIP

过去分词作后置定语 1. 过去分词作定语的含义 a. 及物动词的过去分词，具有被动和完成的意 义 a broken cup a wounded soldier a cup which is broken a soldier who was wounded a grown woman a retired officer a woman who has grown a officer who has retired b. 不及物动词的过去分词，具有主动和完 成意义。 B: Yes. And we had canned fish , smoked sausages , cakes made by our teacher and fresh apples picked from the orchard . We also played a lot of games there. B: Indeed, to our delight, we helped a lost boy to find his mother. 单个 的过去分词作定 语时，位于它所修饰 的名词或代词 前面 ； 过去分词 短语 作定语 时，位于它所修饰的 名词或代词 后面 。 单个过去分词 过去分词短语 2. 过去分词作定语位置 已升起的太阳 有组织的旅行 a risen sun an organized trip 单个过去分词和形容词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody 等 不定代词 时 , 也要放 在这些词 后面 。 nothing reported something important something else 过去分词作定语的作用相当于定语从句，二者可以转 换 。 ① a letter written in pencil ② the book borrowed by Jack = a letter which was written in pencil = the book which was borrowed by Jack 3. 过去分词作定语和定语从句的转换 4. 形容词性化过去分词作定语 常见的有： amazed, embarrassed, disappointed, excited, encouraged, bored, interested, tired, worried, surprised, satisfied, pleased, moved, frightened 等。 The _____ children were opening their presents. A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excites excited 过去分词与现在分词作定语 1. 语态不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过 去分词表示被动。 an inspiring speech the inspired audience 鼓舞人心的演说 受到鼓舞的观众 the falling leaves 落叶（正往下落的） 落叶（已经落到地面的） the fallen leaves 2. 时间关系不同：现在分词作定语，多表示“ 动作 正在进行”或“与谓语同时进行”或“经常性”。 过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“ 先于位于动词 表示的动作”或“没有一定的时间性” ① Do you know the boy _______(lie) under the big tree? ⑤ He is a leader___________ (respect) by the people. lying respected 3. 及物动词的 过去分词 与 现在分词的被动式 都可 以表示“被动”，但前者多表示一个完成了的动 作，而后者则表示一个正在进行的动作 . the problem discussed yesterday the problem being discussed 已经发生，完成 正在发生 Recently a survey ______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. (2011 江苏 ) A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared 解析： compare 的动作是 survey 发出的， 现在分词短语做后置定语。 高考解析 The