浅析练习曲训练对长笛演奏所起到的重要作用.pdfVIP

摘 要 长笛在交响乐队中占有举足轻重的地位，其独特的音色吸引了越来越多的音 乐爱好者学习这门乐器。由于长笛是一种易于入门的乐器，演奏者常常会忽视基 本功的训练，形成不当的演奏习惯，进而影响作品的演奏效果。扎实的基本功是 乐器演奏的基础，选择合适的练习曲进行科学系统地练习是打好基本功的关键。 在对长笛练习曲分类的基础上，本文从音色、呼吸、指法技巧三个方面分析 练习曲学习对长笛演奏产生的影响。首先，练习曲的表情记号会影响音乐的情绪， 力度记号会影响时值和音量，换气记号会影响嘴型与气息，这些因素进而会对作 品的音色产生作用。其次，应根据练习曲的类型以及演奏者的演奏水平选择不同 的呼吸技巧，如腹式呼吸是初学者必须掌握的技巧，功能性练习曲则可帮助有一 定水平的演奏者训练胸腹式呼吸。再次，应在不同的学习阶段选择相应指法练习： 指法创建阶段应重点练习音符的指法，指法养成阶段可以进行复杂变化音与节奏 型的练习，指法稳固阶段则可以通过功能性练习曲不断形成新的肌肉记忆等。 通过研究练习曲对长笛演奏产生的作用，本文期望能为不同技术阶段的演奏 者提供一定的练习建议，帮助他们更加合理、有效地学习长笛。 关键字：长笛，基本功，练习曲 I Abstract Flute plays an important role in the symphony orchestra, and its unique timbre attracts more and more music lovers to learn this instrument. Because flute is a kind of instrument that is easy to get started, players often ignore the training of basic skills and form improper playing habits, thus affecting the performance effect of the works. Solid basic skills are the basis of playing musical instruments, and choosing appropriate etudes for scientific and systematic practice is the key to good basic skills. Based on the classification of flute etudes, this paper analyzes the influence of etude learning on flute performance from three aspects: timbre, breathing and fingering skills. First of all, the facial expression mark, strength mark and breath mark of the etudes will affect the expressive force, time value and volume, mouth shape and breath of the music respectively, and then affect the timbre of the work when playing. Secondly, different breathing skills should be trained according to the type of etudes and the performers performance level, such as abdominal breathing is a skill that beginners must master, while functional etudes can help performers with