国际营销chapter5文档.pptVIP

5-31 5-31 5. P-Time versus M-Time ? Monochromic time ? Tend to concentrate on one thing at a time ? Divide time into small units and are concerned with promptness ? Most low-context cultures operate on M-Time, typifies most North Americans, Swiss, Germans, and Scandinavians 5-32 5-32 5. P-Time versus M-Time ? Polychromic time ? Characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of many things ? Allows for relationships to build and context to be absorbed as parts of high-context cultures ? Dominant in high-context cultures McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright ? 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Culture, Management Style, and Business Systems Chapter 5 5-2 Learning Objectives LO1 The necessity for adapting to cultural differences LO2 How and why management styles vary around the world LO3 The extent and implications of gender bias in other countries LO4 The importance of cultural differences in business ethics LO5 The differences between relationship-oriented and information-oriented cultures 5-3 ? H1: ? “Culture not only establishes the criteria for day-to-day business behavior, but also forms general patterns of values and motivations.”. Give examples . 5-4 5-4 ? Culture, including all its elements, profoundly affects management style and overall business systems. ? Americans---Individualists ? Japanese---Consensus oriented committed to the group ? Central Southern Europeans--Elitists and rank conscious ? Stereotypical though, differences really exist 5-5 5-5 management style ? Knowledge of the management style existing in a country and a willingness to accommodate the differences are important to success in an international market. ? H2: Whats management style? ? Business culture ? Management values ? Business methods ? Behaviors 5-6 Ⅰ . Requires Adaptation ? The necessity for adapting to cultural difference ？ ? Adaptation is a key conc