《基础医学各论II》课件：泌尿系统病理.pdf

Pathology Department, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 马丽琴，maliqin198@zju.edu.cn NORMAL The Kidney The Ureter The Bladder The Urethra Kidney Functions  Excretion of the waste products of metabolism  Regulation of body’s water and salt  Maintenance of appropriate acid balance of plasma Secretion of a variety of hormones and autacoids:  Erythropoietin  Renin  Prostaglandins Nephron Renal Corpuscle Tubules Nephron Renal Corpuscle Tubules Renal Corpuscle  Glomerulus  Bowman’s space  Bowman’s capsule Juxtaglomerular apparatus Renal Glomerulus Renal Glomerulus Schematic representation of a glomerular lobe Schematic representation of a glomerular lobe Mesangium A supporting structure in the center of the lobe  Consisting of mesangial cells mesangial matrix  Functions: Being contractile Being phagocytic Being capable of proliferation Laying down both matrix collagen Secreting a number of biologically active mediators Glomerular capillary wall A filtering membrane  Consisting of A thin layer of fenestrated endothelial cells A glomerular basement membrane (GBM) The visceral epithelial cells (podocyte) Fenestrated Endothelial Cells Each fenestra being about 70-100 nm in diameter GBM Consisting of A central lamina densa, sandwiched between two looser layers, the lamina rara interna and lamina rara externa. Collagen(mostly type Ⅳ), laminin, polyanionic proteoglycans(mostly heparan sulfate), fibronectin, entactin, etc. Podocytes BOWMAN’S CAPSULE BOWMAN’S SPACE  Bowman’s capsule:  Basement membrane  Parietal epithelium  Bowman’s space (the urinary space) A cavity in which plasma filtrate first collects Filtration Membrane Glomerular filter consisting