细胞与分子免疫学课件：03 Infection and Immunity-ok.ppt

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ----TLR 4 Viruse nucleic acid : dsRNA or unmethylated CpG motifs Membrane-bound PRRs Receptor kinases (discovered in plants) Toll-like receptors The mannose receptor Cytoplasmic PRRs NOD-like receptors (NLR) RNA Helicases Secreted PRRs Complement receptors Collectins (mannan-binding lectin) C-reactive protein lipid transferases peptidoglycan recognition proteins Pattern recognition receptors 模式识别受体 Receptor Ligand(s) Ligand location TLR 1 multiple triacyl lipopeptides Bacteria TLR 2 multiple glycolipids Bacteria multiple lipopeptides Bacteria multiple lipoproteins Bacteria lipoteichoic acid Bacteria HSP70 Host cells zymosan (Beta-glucan) Fungi Numerous others TLR 3 double-stranded RNA, poly I:C Viruses TLR 4 lipopolysaccharide Gram-negative bacteria several heat shock proteins Bacteria and host cells fibrinogen host cells heparan sulfate fragments host cells hyaluronic acid fragments host cells Numerous others TLR 5 flagellin Bacteria TLR 6 multiple diacyl lipopeptides Mycoplasma Receptor Ligand(s) Ligand location TLR 7 imidazoquinoline small synthetic compounds loxoribine (a guanosine analogue) bropirimine single-stranded RNA TLR 8 small synthetic compounds; single-stranded RNA TLR 9 unmethylated CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide DNA Bacteria TLR 10 unknown unknown TLR 11 Profilin Toxoplasma gondii TLR 12 unknown TLR 13 unknown TLR 15 unknown Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium 1.PAMP and Pattern recognition receptor 2.General features of immune responses to microbes 3.Immunity to bacteria and viruses Immunity 1) Defense against microbes is mediated by the effector mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity The innate immune system provides early defense The adaptive immune system provides a more sustained and stronger response 2) The immune system responds in distinct and specialized ways to different types of microbes to most effectively combat these infectious agents 2. General features of immuneres