《Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structure》教案（附导学案）.docx

PAGE16 / NUMPAGES16 Unit 4 Natural Disasters Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures 【教材分析】 This teaching period mainly deals with the grammar: the restrictive relative clauses. This period carries considerable significance to the cultivation of students’ writing competence and lays a solid foundation for the basic appreciation of language beauty. The teacher is expected to enable students to master this period thoroughly and consolidate the knowledge by doing some exercise of good quality. 【教学目标与核心素养】 1. Get students to have a good understanding of the basic usages of the restrictive relative clauses. 2. Enable students to use the restrictive relative clauses flexibly. 3. Develop students’ speaking and cooperating abilities. 4. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning. 【教学重难点】 How to enable students to have a good understanding of the restrictive relative clauses, especially the uses of the relative words such as which, that, who, whom. 【教学过程】 Step1: 语法知识呈现 定语从句（一）—关系代词的用法 在复合句中, 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导，说明事物的具体信息，从句位于被修饰词之后。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词指代先行词，并在定语从句中充当成分。关系词有两种：关系代词who, whom ,whose, that, which, as和关系副词when, where, why。 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，可将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。一般说来，限制性定语从句是整个句子不可缺少的部分，如果省略会影响全句的主要意思，这种定语从句前面不用逗号隔开；而非限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明, 通常和主句用逗号隔开，将从句去掉后句子的意思仍然完整，译成汉语时，从句常单独译成一句话，除了that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句，其他关系词的用法和限制性定语从句关系词的用法相同。 一、判断定语从句的关系代词的方法： 如果名词或代词后有一个句子，并且该名词或代词在句子中充当成分，则该句子就是定语从句。主要按照以下三步来判断： 1.找准先行词（定语从句前的名词或代词）。 2.把先行词还原到定语从句中，看充当什么成分。 3.根据先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分以及句意来选用适当的引导词。 如果先行词在从句中作主语，宾语，定语，表语，则用关系代词，关系代词主要有who, whom ,whose, that, which, as。 二、关系代词的基本用法 指代 关系代词以及在定语从句中充当的成分 例句 1.人 who(主语、宾语) whom(宾语) that(主语、宾语) The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a famous scientist.（作is speaking的主语） 在会上讲话的人是一位著名的科学家。 He who/that does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.（作does not reach的主语） 不到长城非好汉。 This is the famous scientist (who/whom/that) we visited last week.（作visited的宾语） 这就是我们上周拜访的那位著名科学家。 2.物 that(主语、宾语)