初中英语的几种基本句型讲解及练习.docVIP

PAGE 2 初中英语简单句的基本句型 由一个主语和一个谓语动词所组成的句子是简单句。要想写好简单句，我们必须记住以下五种基本句型，它们是语言的基本模式。 【句型一】 主语/S + 谓语/Vi(不及物动词) + (状语[副词、名词、介词短语等])　　 His father cooks. 　　 The children are listening quietly. 　　He runs fast in the street. 　　 The meeting begins at nine. 【句型二】 　　主语/S + 谓语/Vt(及物动词) + 宾语/O+ (状语)　　 He didn’t like the film. 　 She often helps him. 　　 I have already finished reading the book. 　　He thought about the problem for a few moments. 　　 【句型三】主语/S + 系动词/Link V+ 表语/P　　 He is a teacher. She is from Beijing. They are at home. 　　 The days get shorter and shorter. In spring, the trees turn green. 　 【句型四】　　主语/S + 及物动词/Vt + 间接宾语/InO + 直接宾语/DO　　 Please give me a few apples. 　　I’ll show you my photos. 　　 Notice: 此句型中的及物动词后接两个宾语(双宾语)，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。通常情况下，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。有时间接宾语也可改为由介词to或for引起的短语，放在直接宾语的后面。　　 She passed him the salt. = She passed the salt to him. 她把盐递给了他。　　 His uncle bought him a birthday present yesterday. = His uncle bought a birthday present for him yesterday. 昨天，他叔叔给他买了一件生日礼物。 由介词 to 连接间接宾语的动词常见的有：give, pass, tell, show, lend, take,teach 等;由介词 for 连接间接宾语的动词常见的有：buy, cook, get, make, choose, sing 等。 【句型五】 主语/S + 及物动词/Vt + 宾语/O + 宾语补足语/OC　　 We call him Tom for short. 　　 At first I found Chinese quite hard. 　　 Tell him not to be late tomorrow. 　　 He made all of us laugh. 　 Notice:1. 接名词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有：call, make, think, name 等。　　 2. 接形容词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有：keep, make, find, think 等。　　 3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语时通常分为以下三种情况：(1) 接带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有：want, ask, wish, tell, teach等。 (2) 接不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有：let, make, see, hear, watch等。(3) 接带 to 或不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的是 help。　　 4. 接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有：hear, see, watch, keep, find 等。　　 5. 接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词常见的有：find, take, keep 等。　　 另外： There be + 主语 + 状语(介词短语)　　 There is some meat on the plate. 盘里有些肉。　　 Long, long ago, there lived a king. 很久以前有一个国王。　　 There stands a school on the hill. 山上有一所学校。