初中英语定语从句---关系代词的使用.docVIP

初中英语定语从句 一．定语从句的理解： 用来修饰名词或代词的词称为定语： a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句) →I know the girl who is in red.（定语从句） This is a dream. The dream will never come true. →This is a dream which/that will never come true. The dog has been found. The dog was lost. → The dog which/that was lost has been found. This is the card. I’ve just received the card. → This is the card which / that I’ve just received. 定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子 关系代词的选用： 关系代词 指代 在定从中所做的成分 who 人 主、宾 whom 人 宾 which 物 主、宾 that 人、物 主、宾 whose 人、物 定语 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 （一）关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语、宾语。 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. (3)Did you see the man who/whom/that/- I talked with just now? 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) (3)Is this the doctor that（whom）you talked about yesterday？这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗？ 　 (4)The letter that（which）I received yesterday was from my father．昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的。 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. 注：whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 注：that的用法 (1) 只能用that而不用which作为定语从句