状语从句与分词作状语的转换-(最新版）.pdfVIP

状语从句与分词作状语的转换 时间、原因等状语从句可以转换成分词作状语，但这种转换是有条件的，也有一定的规律可循。 一、基本规则，也是最重要的规则是：从句的主语与主句的主语必须一致，变从句而主句不变。如： They did not go to the Summer Palace because they had a lot of work to do ． 由于从句的主语与主句的主语都是they ，可以把从句中because 和 they 去掉，把 had 变成 having ，即成现在 分词短语作原因状语： Having a lot of work to do ，they did not go to the Summer Palace ． 二、从句如果表示主动、完成，进行的动作，则转换成现在分词；如果表示被动，则转换成过去分词。 1．When he heard a cry for help ，he rushed out ． 从句中，he was 与 heard 是主动关系，表示“他听见”。则可变成现在分词作时间状语。 Hearing a cry for help ，he rushed out ． 2 ．The boy Cater went up to his teacher and said “sorry ”because he was great-ly touched by his words ． 从句中，he was touched 是被动关系，是“孩子被深深地触动了”，则变成过去分词作原因状语。Greatly touched by his teachers words ，the boy laterwent up to him and said “sorry ”． 三、如果从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，该怎么办？请看下例： 1．As the heroes deeds moved them deeply ，they decided to study even harder ． 句中，主句的主语是 they ，而从句主语是the heroesdeeds ，主语不一致，这时可以把从句变换一下句型，变 成被动语态。即成 As they were deeplymoved by the heroesdeeds ．从句的主语与主句的主语都是they ，就可转换成： Deeply moved by the heroesdeeds ，they decided to study even harder ． 下列的句子中主语也是不同的。 2 ．The professor came into the lab ；a group of students followed him ． 这是两个简单句，如果中间加个 and 也可看成并列句。但主语不同，可以先把第二句变成：He was followed by a group of students ．全句就转换成： Followed by a group of students ，the professor came into the lab ． 四、如果看不出有从句，该怎么办？请看下例： He recognized the man who had been his classmate ten years before ，so he wentover to say hello to him． 这句中，看不出有从句。so 是并列连词，表示 “因此，于是”等意思。这样一来，前面那一句就有表示原 因的意味。这一句可以改写为： Because he recognized the man who had been his classmate ten years before ，he went over to say hello to him ． 变成一个原因状语从句，即可转换成现在分词作原因状语。 Recognizing the man … 许多有 and 或没有 and 的并列句，只要主语一致，往往可能换成分词作伴随状语。如： The students went home from school ；they talked and laughed ．可转换成： Talking and laughing ，the students went home fr