微生物生理与代谢调控 3 20130320.ppt

Lactobacillus acidophilus ( 嗜酸乳杆菌） ? Lactobacillus acidophilus is probably the best well-known species of Lactobacillus , it is naturally found in the human and animal gastrointestinal (GI) tract ( 胃肠管道 ), mouth and vagina （阴道） . ? It has been suggested that L. acidophilus is a beneficial or so-called riendly bacteria which provides an important function in the body. ? Friendly microorganisms are called probiotics, 敭湡湩?晜牯氠晩? ? Researchers are increasingly more convinced that probiotics are an essential link in proper health and well-being and above all help the body to get more nutrition out of the food we eat. ? Lactobacillus acidophilus is also important in the fermentation of many foods, from dairy products to fruits and vegetables. Fermentation occurs when bacteria break down sugars and carbohydrates to produce alcohol, carbon dioxide and lactic acid . These by-products are responsible for the unique taste of fermented foods and help preserve and increase palatability ( 适口性 ). Genomic studies of Lactobacillus acidophilus ? Complete genome sequence of the probiotic lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005 ， 102(11):3906-12 ? Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 was chosen for these experiments because it already harbors the mersacidin immunity genes. After transfer of the biosynthetic part of the gene cluster by competence transformation, production of active mersacidin was obtained from a plasmid in trans. ? Furthermore, comparison of several DNA sequences and biochemical testing of B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42 and B. sp . HIL Y-85,54728 showed that the producer strain of mersacidin is a member of the species B. amyloliquefaciens . ? CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The lantibiotic mersacidin can be produced in B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42, which is closely related to the wild type producer strain of mersacidin. The new mersacidin producer strain enables us to use the full pot