被动语态的用法及练习.docVIP

被动语态的用法及练习 （一）? ? 语态的基本概念和种类语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。所以英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。如：They built the bridge.? ?The bridge was built by them.(二)被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词+by+施动者”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。 1. 一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词????? Our classroom is cleaned every day.????? This car is made in China.????? 2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词????? His desk was cleaned just now.????? The station was built in 1928.????? 3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词 ????? A new factory is being built in our city now.????? Some trees are being cut down in the park.????? 4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词????? A new factory was being built in our city at that time.????? Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.????? 5、一般将来时的被动语态: ????? (A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词????? (B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.????? Some new factories will be built in our city this year.????? Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.????? 6、过去将来时的被动语态: (1).would / should + be + 动词的过去分词 (2).was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.????? She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.????? He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.????? 7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词????? Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.????? Your watch has been mended already.????? 8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词 ????? He said that some new factories had been built in the city.????? I didn’t know that my watch had been mended .????? 9、含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done????? 　例如：He can not be found. / I must be paid for this. 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。情态动词的被动语态是常考的一个知识点：情态动词+be+过去分词(三)被动语态的用法1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如： Some new computers were stolen last night.? ? 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.? ???这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：the window was broken by Mike.? ? 窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written