初中过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时.docxVIP

初中过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时 六、过去进行时的用法 （1）过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。一般和过去的特定时间 状语或状语从句连用。 如：then, at that time, at eight yesterday, this time yesterday, when he came in 等。 I was playing volley-ball this time last Sunday. 上周日的 这个 时候我正 在打排 球。 Li Fang was watching TV when her father came back. 李芳的爸爸回来时她正在 看电视。 （2）过去进行时表示过去某段时间是持续进行的动作。 They were making ships last month. 他们上个月正在造船。 3） go, come, leave 等瞬间动词的过去进行时表示过去某一时间安排或计划好的即将发生的动作。 The plane was arriving at eight. 飞机八点到达。 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 过去进行时表示过去某一动作正在进行，强调“动作的连续性” ，而一般过去 时则表示一个做完的动作，强调“有过这件事” 。 I was playing chess last night. 昨晚我在下棋。 I played chess last night. 昨晚我下棋了。 My father worked last Sunday. 我爸爸上周日工作了。 My father was working last Sunday. 我爸爸上周日在工作。 七、现在完成时的用法 （ 1）强调不久前完成的动作对现在产生的影响，常与 already, just, yet 等副词 连用。 I have just read your letter. 我刚刚读完你的信。 He has already come back.他已经回来了 . 2）表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。 常与 for 或 since 引导的一段时间状语连用。 for 后通常跟 一个时间段，而 since 后只能跟一个具体的时间点。 for two weeks 持续两周时间； since Monday 自从周一 He has lived here for three years. 他在此住了两年了。 I have been here since 1976.自从 1976 年我就一直在这里。 Exercise: 用 since 和 for 填空 1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting ______ 20 minutes . 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ____ __ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in h ospital ______ October. 1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since 瞬间动词及注意要点： a. 现在完成时的肯定句，其谓语动词如果是瞬间动词，如 come, go, begin, join 等，则不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 如：他到此两周了。 He has arrived here for two weeks. （×）此时需转换表达方式： ① 用 ago 代替 for ，并改为一般过去时。 ② 用延续性动词代替瞬间动词。 ③ 用 It is/It has been , since, 句型。 所以上面的句子可转换为： He arrived here two weeks ago. He has been here for two weeks. It is/ It has been two weeks since he arrived here. 当瞬间动词用于否定句时，则可以与时间段连用。如： I haven