外研版必修四语法之情态动词详析及练习(有答案).docx

外研版必修四语法之情态动词详析及练习(有答案).docx

情态动词概念: 在动词(一般动词)之前形成动词的否定,疑问,时态,语态,语气或表示特殊意义的动词叫做 助动词,其中具有感情色彩一些助动词叫做情态动词。 分类: be 动词,have, do;- --助动词 shall, should, will would, can, could, may, might, must, ought, need, dare, used和 had better.---情态动词 例如: ----What was the somethi ng you saw?你看见的是什么? ----I …,I couldn say.我不能说。 ----You couldn say or you wouldn sty?你不能说还是你不愿意说? 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用,给谓语动 词增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必 要等。情态动词后面加动词原形。 shall shall在纯表示将来的陈述句中只用于第一人称。 在问句中征求对方的意见和指示的时候常用于第一、三人称。 Shall I post your letter for you? Shall we carry your baggage? Henry is wait ing outside. Shall he come in? 用于第二、三人称,表示说话人的许诺、命令、警告、威胁或允诺等。 Tell Jerry that he shall get a gift if he is nice. You shall be punished for what you ve done. should 构成过去将来时作为 shall的过去时 He asked me whether I should be free toni ght. 表示主语的义务或责任。 You shouldn t eat between meals, for it will make you fat. 表示很大的可能性,常译为 按道理说应该” There should be a double “ m” in the word swimming. 用于否定句、疑问句表示 竟然”含意外、惊异、愤怒、失望等语气。 Why should you be so late today? I don t understand why you should think that I did it. 在if 从句 中表示 万一 ”。 Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him. 重要句型:should have done表示过去没有做到本来应该做的事情 shouldn t have do做了本来不应该做的事情 You should have give n him more help. You shouldn t have left home without saying a word. can/could (could 是 can 的过去时) (1)表示能力。 He can speak En glish better tha n you. can和be able to都可表示能力, 两者在意思上没有什么区别。 但是can只能有现在式和过去 式could,而be able to则有更多的形式,可位于情态动词之后表达过去成功地做了某事。 He will be able to do the work better. He was able to finish the work on time. 表示客观的可能性,也可以表示一时的情况,意为:有时候会。 Accide nts can happe n to any drunken driver. Accord ing to the radio, it could rai n this after noon. It can be very hot here in summer. ⑶表示 许可”时can可以和may换用,如: 如果要表示语气婉转,可用 could代替can,这时could不再是can的过去式,注意回答 时不能用could,而用can。 You can (may) go home now. ----Could you come aga in tomorrow? TOC \o 1-5 \h \z ——Yes, I can./ No, I can t. ⑷ 在疑问句和否定句中表示推测、怀疑、惊奇、不相信的态度。 Can this green bike be Liu Dong s? How can you believe such a liar l

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