年产30万吨乙酸乙酯的工艺设计.docx

PAGE PAGE # 年产 30 万吨乙酸乙酯的工艺设计 摘要 乙酸乙酯是重要的精细化工原料。它是一种具有优异溶解性能和快干性能的 溶剂，已广泛应用于生产中。目前，乙酸乙酯的工业生产方法已趋于成熟，而乙 醛缩合法因其具有原料来源广泛、绿色、环保等优点在众多生产方法中脱颖而出 最具发展前景。 本设计采用乙醛缩合法，对工艺中的主要设备进行物料与能量衡算，并对乙 酸乙酯的精馏塔、反应器进行了设计选型。根据设计要求对设备进行选型。就脱 乙醇塔而言，塔体压力为常压，回流比取 3,操作条件：Xd=99%、Xw=0.01。计 算出塔板数为46块，塔高22.4m。对塔体的主要尺寸设计：精馏段：算得堰长为 0.72m,出口堰高为0.045m,堰宽为0.106m,降液管底隙高度为0.028m；提馏段: 算得堰长为1.2,出口堰高为0.049m,堰宽为0.176m,降液管底隙高度为0.027m。 对于反应器选择连续型搅拌反应釜： 算得筒体高度4.8m,筒体和封头直径3m,内 筒筒体厚度为10mm。设计中，首先根据工艺操作的要求和特点， 参照相关工艺的 资料,绘制工艺流程图,然后根据工艺计算结构设计的最终数据画出主要设备图。 设计满足安全生产要求,而且经济合理。 关键词 ：乙酸乙酯,乙醛缩合法,物料衡算,精馏塔,工艺流程图 PRODUCTION DESIGN WITH AN ANNUAL OUTPUT OF 300 THOUSANDS TONS OF ETHYL ACETATE ABSTRACT Ethyl acetate is an important fine chemical raw material. It is a kind of excellent solubility and fast-drying solvent, has been widely used in production. At present, the industrial production of ethyl acetate have been more and more mature, and the condensation of acetaldehyde because of its wide raw material sources, green, environmental protection and other advantages stand out from many production methods in the most development prospect. The condensation of acetaldehyde had been used in the design, material and energy balance calculation of the main process equipment, and distillation tower, reactor for ethyl acetate were design selection. According to the design requirements, we selected the suitable equipment. As far as alcohol tower, the tower body was at atmospheric pressure, reflux ratio was 3, the operating conditions: X D=99%, XW=0.01. We could calculate that the plate number was 46, the height of the tower was 22.4m. The main dimensions design of tower body: rectifying section: the length of the weir was 0.72m, the outlet height of the weir was 0.045m, the width was 0.106m, the down comer height of the bottom clearance was 0.028m; stripping section: the length of weir was 1.2mr, the outlet height of the weir was 0.049m, the width was 0.176m, the down comer height of the bottom clearance was 0.027m. The reactor w